Decline and prosperity

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school

Trade, Enlightenment and Revolutionairy Colonists

The plan for today

• Summary chapter 3: deadline 20 January 2022!
• Diary Dutch Revolt: deadline 26 January 2022!
• Chapter 4.1; Decline and prosperity.

       Instruction 4.1

       Make exercises 4.1 (1 - 10)

The war of the Spanish Succession

How could a succession cause a European war?

• The European monarchs are connected. People did marry strategically to gain power and land.
• Countries were afraid that others became too powerful
• No political solution = war! 

The war of the Spanish succession ended in...

1. 1703
2. 1713
3. 1710
4. 1715

How was the peace treaty signed in 1713 called?

1. The peace of Utrecht
2. The peace of Versailles
3. The peace of Valkenburg
4. The peace of Antwerp

Outcome of the peace of Utrecht

Great Britain 

• became the major power of Europe. 
• The right to sell slaves to Spanish America. Gained land in Europe --> Britisch Empire became large and powerful
  
  

France

• Lost territory to the British.
• HUGE internal problems; 
• Louis XIV fought many wars. Wars cost money. Louis XIV fought wars with borrowed money.
• The loss of money, men, materials and territory made the king unpopular.

France

 

• Lost territory to the British.
  
• HUGE internal problems;
  
• Louis XIV fought many wars. Wars cost money. Louis XIV fought wars with loans (borrowed money).
  
• The loss of money, men, materials and territory made the king unpopular.

Austria (Holy Roman Empire)

• Recieved (yielded) control over parts of Italy and the Spanish Netherlands

Spain

• Loss of territory in Europe. 
• Philip became king of Spain.
• Philip gave up his rights to the French throne. So Spain could not become part of France.

The peace of Utrecht caused prosperity to the British Empire

1. True
2. False

The king of France became unpopular because....

1. He lost the Spanish succession war.
2. He lost territory, war and money.
3. The taxes in France were to high
4. France had enourmous debts.

What about the Republic???

The end of the Golden Age

Economic turndown

Causes:

• Wars
• Marcantilism* in Europe
• Competetion with more powerful countries (GB, FR, SP)
• Not able to keep up with globalisation (fleet/army could not support)

Remember the term mercantilism?

Uhh.... Never heard it before

Vaguely.. but I can't tell about it

Yes, have read it before. I can't explain it.

Yes. I can explain what it is.

Mercantilism

• An economic system.
• In this system a country wants go gain wealth (get richer).
• To gain wealth the country stimulates export.
• At the same time the country focuses on its own economy.
• And discourages import by taxes and rules

What were the consequenses for the Republic?

The gap between rich and poor became bigger.

The Regenten made a fortune during the Golden Age. Living off their interests.

The Regenten expected to keep the glory of the Republic, but they did NOT take action to sustain this glory.

Economic downfall for the Republic 

The Regenten wanted to look like the French and British nobels. 

Wigs and powder.

Plantation colony 

Sugar and coffee 

Use of slaves

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Homework

Make section 4.1 

Excercise 1 - 10