Cette leçon contient 19 diapositives, avec quiz interactifs, diapositives de texte et 2 vidéos.
La durée de la leçon est: 45 min
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1. The Age of Hunters and Farmers
1.1 The first humans
Slide 1 - Diapositive
Rules
Raise your hand if you have a question.
When others speak, we listen (don't interrupt others).
Bring all the necessities too class (device, workbook, etc.) and the homework is done
Slide 2 - Diapositive
What is this lesson about?
Some people believe that a god or gods created the first humans. Scientists say that it took millions of years before people evolved into what we are now.
Archeologists and paleontologists have found bones of the first humans in Africa.
Modern humans are called Homo Sapiens and they didn’t stay in Africa. Instead, they spread all over the world.
Slide 3 - Diapositive
Which Age are we studying in this Unit?
Slide 4 - Diapositive
Word Duty
1.1 First humans
Fossils: remains of plants or animals that are preserved in stone
Scientist: someone who studies a science, for instance history, physics or biology
Creation narrative: a story that says God created man and the rest of the world
Theory of evolution: theory written by Charles Darwin to explain the way species change
Excavation: process by which you uncover something through digging away the earth that covers it
Paleontologist: someone who studies ancient life on the planet
Archeologist: someone who digs up remains to investigate human activity in the past
Tool: an object held in one hand to accomplish a task (for example: an axe)
Out of Africa theory: theory that modern man evolved in Africa and then migrated to
other areas in the world
KEY WORDS
Slide 5 - Diapositive
Lucy
Hadar in Ethiopia.
Fossils are remains of plants or animals that are preserved in stone.The men were scientists and particularly interested in remains of early humans.
Part of a skeleton that was 3.2 million years old! > resembled a small female chimpanzee
But this animal had been able to walk on two legs.
The female human skeleton that was found was named Lucy. She got this name from the song 'Lucy in the sky with diamonds'. This song was played during the discovery and was a popular song by The Beatles in the seventies.
The bones of Lucy that were found in Ethiopia (c. 3.2 million years old).
This is probably how Lucy looked, when she was still alive. Why was this one of the most important discoveries in the history of mankind? (present-day drawing).
A skull of a Australopithecus afarensis, like Lucy was (c. 3.2 million years old).
Slide 6 - Diapositive
Lucy
Why two legs?
Bones are a telltale sign
High grasslands with little trees
Lookout for predators and prey
The female human skeleton that was found was named Lucy. She got this name from the song 'Lucy in the sky with diamonds'. This song was played during the discovery and was a popular song by The Beatles in the seventies.
The bones of Lucy that were found in Ethiopia (c. 3.2 million years old).
This is probably how Lucy looked, when she was still alive. Why was this one of the most important discoveries in the history of mankind? (present-day drawing).
A skull of a Australopithecus afarensis, like Lucy was (c. 3.2 million years old).
Slide 7 - Diapositive
Where do humans come from?
Creation narrative = ?
People believed god created the world > Adam and Eve
Religious explanation of our existence
But also > scientific explanation
First humans in Africa? Different look? How did they change?
Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden by Wenzel Peter, 19th century, Vatican Museum
Slide 8 - Diapositive
Theory of evolution
Charles Darwin asked himself this around 1850.
Traveled the world and discovered that species change > Have to adapt to their environment in order to survive.
Darwin’s idea is called the theory of evolution.
Charles Darwin, 1809 - 1882
This is the human family tree, with the different species of early humans.
The Latin word Homo means ‘man’. When we talk about humans we use this word. For example: Homo habilis was ‘the tool using man’ and Homo erectus ‘the upright man’. We modern humans are Homo sapiens sapiens which means ‘very wise man’.
Slide 9 - Diapositive
Slide 10 - Vidéo
Archeology and Paleontology
Fossils and bones > sources
archeologists and paleontologist work together at excavations
Make the questions in your workbook
Slide 11 - Diapositive
Out of Africa
Modern humans evolved differently than apes. > Used tools thanks to their hands. Tools are objects held in one hand to accomplish a task, like a sharp rock to cut flesh. They also learned to use fire.
Homo Sapiens originated in Africa > They left the continent and spread all over the world.
Not all at once > 250,000 to 56,000 years > Out of Africa theory
Africa > Middle East > Asia > Europe > Americas
Special skill to adapt > Homo sapiens superior
The spreading of humans across the world.
The discovery of Lucy was not the only important one in Ethiopia. In 1994, a group of paleontologists discovered the remains of a 4.4 million year-old skeleton. They called it 'Ardi'. Scientists are still debating if Ardi is human or ape. Some believe that her specie is 'the missing link' between us and apes.
Slide 12 - Diapositive
Slide 13 - Diapositive
Slide 14 - Vidéo
Read the text "Out of Africa"
Describe the Out of Africa theory in your own words.