1.4 living from farming

1. The Age of Hunters and Farmers
1.4 Living from farming 

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1. The Age of Hunters and Farmers
1.4 Living from farming 

Slide 1 - Diapositive

When the last Ice Age was over, prehistoric people in the Middle East started to become farmers
They no longer moved around, but lived in one place. 
Here they could grow crops and keep animals. Pottery was invented, to store things.
What is this lesson about?

Slide 2 - Diapositive

What you can do after this lesson
  • explain when and why first agriculture began in the near east
  • explain how the first farmers discovered how to grow their own crops
  • explain the meaning of domestication
  • explain how the first farmers lived

Slide 3 - Diapositive

Word Duty






Ice Age: periods in the past when areas of the world were covered by ice and it was very cold

Agriculture: a way of living where people grow their own crops and keep animals

Fertile Crescent: area around the rivers Tigris, Euphrates and Nile

Agricultural revolution: farming was introduced, a completely new way of living in prehistory

Domestication: tame animals for your own use

Pottery: an invention of farmers to store products











KEY WORDS

Slide 4 - Diapositive

FERTILE CRESCENT
the Fertile Crescent = the place where the first civilisations started

Slide 5 - Diapositive

Mesopotamia= The Fertile Crescent 

Slide 6 - Diapositive

Now it's time to dance! 

Slide 7 - Diapositive

Slide 8 - Vidéo

The first farmers still do a lot by hand.

Farming was hard, but hunting was much harder!
Through the invention of animal breeding they now use domesticated animals for that purpose...
Hmm...
Welk dier zou dit werk voor me kunnen doen?

Slide 9 - Diapositive

Bad harvest = hunger!
Farmers were now more dependent on nature. If the harvest was fogged or the season was bad, it was more difficult to survive. In the past as a hunter you would just move on. Farmers did this less quickly, they had more property! 
Hunters or farmers?
How do you recognize that these are farmers and not hunters?

Slide 10 - Diapositive

Farmers..

Slide 11 - Diapositive

long house

Slide 12 - Diapositive

Iedereen in dezelfde kamer, ook vee! Veilig en warm! 

Slide 13 - Diapositive

What would you choose?

Slide 14 - Diapositive

Slide 15 - Diapositive

Farmers invent graffiti rituals when someone dies.

They think about a life after death. Commemorate the dead.

They learn how to bury or cremate. 
As a hunter you couldn't stand still, you had to move on. Move on!

Farmers live in the same place. Stand still... and remember. Cemeteries arise...

Slide 16 - Diapositive

What remains...

Slide 17 - Diapositive

Hunebedden
  • Graves are becoming bigger, near the farms. 

  • Both buried and cremated: urn fields
  • They can, now that they can make pots!

  • The dead were given possessions: presumably believing in life after death

Slide 18 - Diapositive

Agricultural revolution
The moment when people switched from hunting and gathering to agriculture

This was a big change in society
(Society of hunters and gatherers --> agricultural society)

A revoltuion means: a big change in society.

Life changed completely!!!

Slide 19 - Diapositive

What is?
change and continuity (in history lessons)?



Change: this means that something ends and is replaced by something different.
For example: When the Roman monarchy ended and Rome became a Republic.
A system of government was replaced by a very different system. So this is "change".

Continuity: this means that somethings continues, or "keeps going on" . 
For example: After the fall of the western Roman empire Christianity continued as an important religion.
In other words: If Christianity had ended with the Roman empire we would speak of "change", but in this case we speak of "continuity".

Slide 20 - Diapositive

Hunters & Farmers
A hunter has not much possessions
A farmer has much possessions

Slide 21 - Diapositive

The nature rules
Hunters learn to sow and harvest. In this way they gain control over nature. They don't have to look for everything anymore, but decide for themselves where it grows! That is more convenient! Hunters gradually become farmers. 
Stay in one place
They sometimes say, from horn to her. Then you go everywhere, in all directions. The invention of agriculture meant that hunters no longer had to pull. They therefore made better huts. From clay or loam instead of animal skins. 

Slide 22 - Diapositive

People 
collect 
stuff

Farmers
had
more and more possessions:
clothing,
a house,
stuff,
animals...

Slide 23 - Diapositive

Write down the correct definition of both words:

1. change:

2. continuity:


Slide 24 - Question ouverte

What is a different word for agriculture?

Slide 25 - Question ouverte

For each statement, choose the correct answer.
2. There have been several ice ages in the past.

This is an example of:




A
change
B
continuity

Slide 26 - Quiz

For each statement, choose the correct answer.
1. prehistoric people have lived as hunter-gatherers for thousands of years

This is an example of:




A
change
B
continuity

Slide 27 - Quiz

For each statement, choose the correct answer.
3. hunter-gatherers became farmers during prehistory.


This is an example of:




A
change
B
continuity

Slide 28 - Quiz

For each statement, choose the correct answer.
4. For the last 10,000 years, there were no ice ages.

This is an example of:




A
change
B
continuity

Slide 29 - Quiz

Put the events in the correct chronological order
Plant the seeds of grain.
Make small fields for the grain to grow.
Collect grain seeds in the wild.
Now you grow your own grain crops.
Save some grain seeds for the next year.

Slide 30 - Question de remorquage

fertile
villages
grain
population
Nile
crescent moon
10,000

Slide 31 - Question de remorquage

The domestication of pigs began 80,000 years ago.




A
TRUE
B
FALSE

Slide 32 - Quiz

The first animals to be domesticated were goats and sheep.




A
TRUE
B
FALSE

Slide 33 - Quiz

Animals were selected for their useful characteristics.




A
TRUE
B
FALSE

Slide 34 - Quiz

It took hundreds of years before the animals were tame.




A
TRUE
B
FALSE

Slide 35 - Quiz

Pigs were selected for the amount of flesh they had.




A
TRUE
B
FALSE

Slide 36 - Quiz

Explain the joke, and use the word "domestication"
in your answer.

Slide 37 - Question ouverte

Farmers
Hunter-Gatherers
moving from place to place
finding grain, fruit and vegetables
hunting animals and fishing
small groups
only few possessions that can be carried
Farming was a big change in the way prehistoric man lived. So what changed exactly?
Drag each change  to the correct place in the table.

large groups
pottery
domesticating animals
growing your own crops
living in one place
(= settling)

Slide 38 - Question de remorquage

Pottery was used for storage. Can you name three things the early farmers would have stored in this new invention?

Slide 39 - Question ouverte

Name at least three things you need to make pottery.

Slide 40 - Question ouverte

Look at source 1.23 in Agriculture in our region (Theory F). Write down at least three characteristics of the first farmers you can see in this drawing.


Slide 41 - Question ouverte

Create correct English sentences by dragging the words at the bottom to the correct place in the sentence:

so the people 
in the Fertile Crescent  
The population 
needed to find 
new farm land 
was growing,  

Slide 42 - Question de remorquage

Create correct English sentences by dragging the words at the bottom to the correct place in the sentence:

around 5300 BC 
appeared  
The first farmers   
in our region 

Slide 43 - Question de remorquage

Create correct English sentences by dragging the words at the bottom to the correct place in the sentence:

had pottery 
shaped like a funnel
that was  
The builders   
of the Hunebedden  

Slide 44 - Question de remorquage

Create correct English sentences by dragging the words at the bottom to the correct place in the sentence:

to decorate  
used straight lines 
Linear Pottery culture  
their pottery
  People from the   

Slide 45 - Question de remorquage

Write down one question about something from this lesson that you find difficult.

Slide 46 - Question ouverte

congratulations

Slide 47 - Diapositive