4.4. A turbulent uprising

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4.4 A turbulent uprising

Objectives for this lesson

At the end of this lesson you know how Philips II ruled the Netherlands.

You know how and why more and more dutch people protested against the Spanish rulers.

Who was Calvin (Calvijn)?

1. A famous YouTuber
2. A pope
3. A protestant reformer
4. The king of Spain

The calvinist Netherlands

Which areas were under the control of Charles V (Karel V)?

1. Spain
2. The German empire (Holy Roman empire)
3. The Habsburg Netherlands
4. Italy and parts of America.

Charles V ruled over a big empire

Charles V as lord of the Netherlands

Governing the empire and the Netherlands was difficult:

• His empire was too big to tour.
• He had many stadtholders he had to consult with.
• Every part of the empire had its own laws and privileges.

He tried to change that by making Brussels the capital and by making French the official language of the Netherlands (Centralization)

1555

Lord of the Netherlands until  1555.

Lord of the Netherlands from 1555  onwards.

Philips II

1555 - Heir to the throne of Charles V.

Spain & the Netherlands 

 

Didn't consult with the provinces (poor relations).

1559- Philips II leaves for Spain 

Margaret of Parma

• Half-sister of Philip II. 
• She was viceroy of the Netherlands. 
• Together with Spanish nobles chosen by Philip II she ruled the Netherlands. 

Persecution of protestants

Protestantism keeps growing in his Dutch provinces. Calvinists gain a huge following. Philip II prosecutes them with much violence. Edicts are put in place to help his hunt for the protestants. But the numbers just keep growing! It's as if the persecutions only stimulate more people to become heretics.

Nobleman's petition

• 200 nobles hand over an request to Margaret.
• They ask if the persecution of protestants can stop. 
• Margaet promises to talk to Philips II but he refuses.

1566 - Smeekschrift der edelen

1566- The Iconoclastic Outbreak

The Spanish reaction

- Philip sends the duke of Alba to knock down the protest. 

His three goals were:

-Punish the perpetrators.

-Make everyone Catholic.

-Appoint a central government 

Name something you learned today: