Modal Verbs

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• mavo, havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Today: 

• Flashback (autumn holidays, planning, tests...)
• Grammar explanation: Modals(must,have to, should, ought to)
• Grammar practice
• Work on your week task: ex.26,27,28+18,19
• Portfolio

Modal Verbs

kunnen, moeten en mogen

Which Modal Verbs
(kunnen, moeten, mogen)
do you already know?

Welke modals (=hulpwerkwoorden) zijn er?

1. can & be able to

2. may, might, be allowed to

3. should, have to, must, ought to

Must, have to, should, ought to

2. must (not) + hele werkwoord als jij vindt dat iets (niet) moet. 

3. has to / have to + hele werkwoord om zekerheid, noodzaak of verplichting uit te drukken. Iets moet van iemand anders.

4. don't have to / doesn't have to + hele werkwoord iets hoeft niet, het is geen verplichting.

5. should (not) + hele werkwoord als jij vindt dat iets (niet) zou moeten. Je geeft advies of raadt iets af. Minder krachtig dan must.

6. ought to + hele werkwoord om advies te geven; om te vragen naar eigen verplichtingen. Vragende zinnen met ought to zijn erg formeel.

You ___ study a lot for tests. Your grades are not good enough.

1. should
2. have to

You ___ do your homework or you'll get a punishment.

1. must
2. have to
3. should

There are plenty tomatoes in the fridge, you.... buy any.

1. must not
2. should not
3. don't have to

It's a hospital. You ... smoke.

1. must not
2. don't have to
3. should not

I think we .................. leave now. It's getting late.

1. must
2. have to
3. ought to

1. More grammar explanation? Watch the videos below.

2. More practice? Try this online exercise

 (click on exercise):

Exercise 1 - Choose the correct modals

            Modals 

MUST/SHOULD/HAVE TO

Don't need grammar help?

• Do: Theme 2 ex. 26,27,28(J,K) + ex. 18,19(G)
  
• Study: Words D+G Study  Theme 2 (click here to practise them with Quizlet)

Can & Be able to

1. Als je wilt zeggen dat iemand iets kan kun je can of be able to gebruiken.

2. Als je praat over vaardigheden dan gebruik je can, cannot en can't.

3. Als je wilt zeggen dat iemand in staat is om iets te doen bijvoorbeeld naar een feestje gaan.

Zinnen met be able to zijn formeler dan can

4. als je wilt zeggen dat iemand iets kon gebruik je was / were able to + hele werkwoord.

I ___ swim very well.

1. can
2. am able to
3. be able to

She ___ do the impossible.

1. is able to
2. am able to
3. are able to
4. be able to

I ___ come to your party tonight.

1. can
2. am able to
3. is able to
4. are able to

He ___ do that yesterday.

1. was not able to
2. were not able to
3. could not able to

May vs might

1. may / might + hele werkwoord om toestemming te vragen of zeggen dat iets niet is toegestaan. 'may' is mogen en 'might' is zou mogen.

2. May / Might + Hele werkwoord kunnen ook gebruikt worden om te zeggen dat iets mogelijk gaat gebeuren. Hierbij is might minder waarschijnlijk of hypotetisch

be allowed to

1. be allowed to + hele werkwoord om te zeggen dat iets (niet) is toegestaan volgens de regels.

... I ask you a question sir?

1. may
2. might
3. am I allowed to

.... you smoke in the school?

1. may
2. might
3. are you allowed to

you ... (not) drive faster than 30km/h.

1. may not
2. might not
3. are not allowed to

Exercise

Choose between:

must (not) / have to / has to / do not have to / does not have to

Type only the modals

I __ visit my friend. It's her birthday.

Sam __ wear a uniform at school.

You __ go to the supermarket. I'll do it.

You __ swim in this part of the river. It is very dangerous.

You __ drink a lot of water when it's warm.

Exercise

Rewrite the sentence using the given words

You are not allowed to talk during the test. (must not)

It isn't necessary to bring food. (do not have to)

I am obliged to finish this letter before midday. (have to)

You are not allowed to leave the classroom without permission. (must not)

It is not necessary to pay for the tickets. (do not have to)

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