Era 7 topic 3: French Revolution

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

2 TTO

The age of wigs and revolutions

The French Revolution

Learning objectives

Learning objectives topic 3

I can name three causes of the French Revolution.

 I can describe how the French Revolution started.

You know the terms and dates of this section.

4.4 De Franse Revolutie

The French Revolution

                   States General

Clergy

Nobility

Third Estate

Causes French Revolution

* Inequelity and injustice of the Ancien Régime

* Rise of enlightened ideas

* France's lack of money

* Liberty, equality, fraternity

A mighty ruler

• At the end of the 18th century, Louis XVI was king of France.
  
• He held all power, as it had been in France for centuries: He was an absolute monarch. 
  

A mighty ruler

• Louis XVI ruled from Versailles, his palace just outside of Paris.
• The French queen Marie Antoinette wasn't popular.
• Lived in luxury (expensive clothes and parties)

A mighty ruler

• Louis XVI was advised by clergymen and nobles.

• This type of government was later called the Ancient Régime.  
  

French Revolution

Revolution = an event that causes major changes in government and society in a short timespan.

A new house of representatives

Louis XVI wants to change the tax system to solve the financial problems. 

He is an absolute monarch, but because of the unhappy population he calls upon an assembly of the States General.

5 May 1789 meeting of Staten General. Argument about the way of voting (per Estate or per member?).

A new house of representatives

• Meeting fails and the Third Estate  founded their own assembly: National Assembly.
• The National Assembly was a parliament = a group of people elected by citizens who held the right to vote and which runs the country on behalf of the citizens.

A new house of representatives

• Tennis Court Oath. Agreed not to leave until France had had a constitution.
  

• Document stating the citizens' rights and duties, and the government's organisation.

Fall of the Bastille

Start French Revolution

• 14 July 1789 Storming of the Bastille (trigger).
• Revolt spreads to countryside (killings and looting)
• The king acknowledges the National Assembly.

The Revolution gets out of hand

*1791 King tried to flee

* Afraid a king would undo the Revolution

* 1792 Louis XVI removed from power and sentenced to death

 -> treason

* Republic

National Assemlby

* Moderates (Girondins)

* Change -> not radically and not so fast 

- Wars were going badly

- The poor did not have any politicial influence

- No right to vote for all men

Radicals (Jacobins) led by Robespierre

* Big changes as soon as possible

* Maximilien Robespierre

* seized power

- Ordinary people more influence

Reign of Terror

* Moderates -> enemy

*  Reign of Terror

* 1793- 1794

* Guillotine

* 40.000 French people were killed

Robespierre dies also->Girondins take over power but cannot end the chaos->Napoleon.

A revolution is an event that causes major changes in government and society over a long period of time.

1. True
2. False

What isn't a cause of the French Revolution?

1. Failed harvest caused hunger
2. High taxes and lack of political influence 1st estate
3. High taxes and lack of political influence 3rd estate
4. King and queen lived in luxury.

How do we call the assembly of the three estates during the Ancien Régime?

1. parliament
2. Provincial States
3. States General

Which event started the French Revolution?

1. Execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
2. Founding of the National Assembly
3. Meeting of the States General
4. Storming of the Bastille

Learning objectives

4) I can name three causes of the French Revolution.

5) I can describe how the French Revolution started.

You know the terms and dates of this section.

Consequences

End of the Ancien Régime: The French Revolution ended the Ancien Régime, the feudal system that had existed in Europe for centuries, in which the king and nobility had all the power and the people had no say.

Rise of democracy: The French Revolution spurred the rise of democratic ideas, such as the ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity. This led to the development of constitutional monarchies and the establishment of republics.

Consequences

Economic changes: The French Revolution brought about important economic changes, such as the end of the feudal system and the rise of industry.

The revolution also led to a reform of the tax system, giving more power to the bourgeoisie.

Spread of ideas: The French Revolution inspired many people in Europe and beyond, spurring the spread of ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity.

Consequences

Nationalism: The French Revolution led to the rise of nationalism, which still plays an important role in Europe and the rest of the world today.

Cultural changes: The French Revolution also brought about important cultural changes, such as the rise of the romantic movement in art and literature, and the development of a new French culture based on the ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity.

Get to work

What? See whiteboard.

How? Alone 

Help? Ask neighbour. Can't figure it out? Ask teacher. 

Time? Until the end of the lesson. 

Done? Learn terms and dates. Ask teacher. 

Which group wanted big changes as soon as possible

1. Moderates
2. Radicals
3. Louis XVI
4. The third estate

How do we call the period in the Frech Revolution in which the radicals had all the power?

What are the three core values of the French Revolution

Why was the States-General an unfair system for the third estate?

What event can be seen as the beginning of the French Revolution?

1. Storming of the Bastille
2. Louis who fled the country
3. Decapitation of Louis
4. Start of the National Assembly

When did the French Revolution start?

1. 1970
2. 1879
3. 1750
4. 1789