Objective Advanced unit 11

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

unit 11

Fashion statements

reading

1) Do you like to keep up with modern trends?

2) How often do you buy clothes and how do you decide

 what to buy?

3) Do you think people's tastes are influenced by what

they read in magazines or see on screen?

4) Do you read articles on the internet? Which do you

think is better: reading 'real'magazines or their

electronic versions?

reading

Have a look at exercise 3 before you do exercise 2. 

You should:

• look for the same or similar word in the article and the missing paragraph.
• look for a noun in the article and its pronoun in the missing paragraph.
• look for a problem described in the article and then a solution in the missing paragraph
• look for a logical development of the 'story'

now do exercise 2 and 3

then do exercise 4

choose from: talk you into buying / mean the end of / run a trial / taken further / designed with these people in mind / give them the edge over their competitors / allergic to

vocabulary

to suit someone = look good on someone

designer labels = clothes made by famous stylists

to fit someone = to be the right size

a rack = a frame or shelf used to hang clothes

out of fashion = no longer considered stylish

a look = a style or fashion

a changing room = a place in a shop to try on clothes

item of clothing= something you wear

fabric = material

stylish = fashionable

listening

discuss the questions in ex 1 and 2. 

Now do ex 3.

What do you think of the company's dress code and the way the manager addresses the staff? 

OA CD1 nr 17

reported speech

Direct speech: the literal, exact words someone says “ I am very angry with you”

Indirected or reported speech: when you tell someone what somebody else said. He said he was very angry with me.

What changes:

- Tense

- Pronouns ( I, we, you)

- Pronouns (here → there, this → that, these → those)

- Adverbials of time (yesterday → the day before, tomorrow→ the following/ next day)

Direct speech        -->             reported speech

He tells a lie                         She said that he told a lie

Present simple → past simple

He is telling a lie                She said that he was telling a lie

Present continuous → past continuous

He has told a lie                She said that he had told a lie

Present perfect → past perfect

He told a lie                            She said that he had told a lie

Past simple → past perfect

He was telling a lie             She said that he had been telling a lie

Past continuous →past perfect continuous

He had told a lie                   She said that he had told a lie

Past perfect → past perfect

He will tell a lie                She said that he would tell a lie

Will → would

He can tell a lie               She said that he could tell a lie

Can →could

He should tell a lie         She said that he should tell a lie

Should →should / should have + past participle

When something is reported that is a general truth, there is often no tense change.

Teacher: “water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

The teacher said that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

There are different reporting verbs, which can take the following structures

Accuse + of + -ing

“You stole the bag”

He accused her of stealing the bag

Admit + (to) + -ing / Admit + (that)

“I lost the key”

He admitted that he had lost the key

He admitted (to) losing the key

Apologise + for + -ing

“I am sorry that I am late”

I apologised for being late

Argue + for + -ing / argue (that)

“ It is unnecessary to change anything”

She argued for not changing anything.

She argued that it was unnecessary to change anything

Claim + (that)

“He is a coward”

Jane claimed that he was a coward.

Deny + (that) / deny + -ing

“ I don’t break any rules”

John denied that he broke any rules

John denied breaking any rules.

Explain + (that)

“There aren’t any problems anymore”

The mechanic explained (that) there weren’t any problems anymore.

Insist + on+ -ing / insist+ (that)

“ I want to finish this first”

I insisted on finishing that first.

I insisted (that) I finished that first.

Promise + (that) / promise+ to + infinitive

“I will pick you up”

Dad promised (that) he would pick me up.

Dad promised to pick me up.

Refuse + to + infinitive

“ I don’t want to throw the rubbish in the bin”

The boy refused to throw the rubbish in the bin.

Say + (that)

“ the fire started in the bakery”

He said that the fire had started in the bakery.

Passive: is said + to + infinitive

“ The book contains several flashbacks

The book is said to contain several flashback.

Suggest + (that) / suggest + -ing

“Let’s drive more slowly

The man suggested (that) we drove more slowly.

The man suggested driving more slowly.

Urge + to + infinitive

“Don’t worry”

Hugh urged them not to worry

Warn + (that) / warn = to + infinitive

“Santa will not come, if you are naughty”

Mum warned us that Santa wouldn’t come if we were naughty.

Mum warned us not to be naughty or Santa wouldn’t come.

Turn into reported speech

01. John: “She is having a dentist’s appointment tomorrow”.

02. Mr X: “ You should finish the job this week”.

03. Emma: “I have never been so embarrassed”.

04. Tom: “When were we supposed to call our boss?”

05. Mum: “ My children were at home”

06. I: “ I cannot do my homework”.

07. Teacher: “ You must open your books and copy these sentences”.

08. Guy: “ I loved going to America”

answers

01. John said that she was having a dentist’s appointment the following day.

02. Mr X said that I/we should have finished/ should finish the job that week.

03. Emma said that she had never been so embarrassed.

04. Tom asked when they had been supposed to call their boss.

05. Mum said that her children had been at home.

06. I said that I couldn’t do my homework.

07. The teacher said that we had to open our books and copy those sentences.

08. Guy said that he had loved going to America.

Change into reporting speech using the given reporting verb

01. Tom: “Gerry cheats at tests.” (accuse)

02. Jerry: “you must replace A by B” (explain)

03. Joe: “ I do not know anything” (deny)

04. Mary: “I will help you” (promise)

05. Christa: “You could work harder” ( suggest)

06. We: “ stop cheating at tests” (warn)

07. The reporter: “Mr Johnston has been arrested for murder” ( claim)

08. Mum: “You must eat all your spinach” (urge)

answers

01. Tom accused Gerry of cheating at tests.

02. Jerry explained that I had to replace A by B.

03. Joe denied knowing anything / Joe denied that he knew anything

04. Mary promised to help me / Mary promised (me) that she would help me.

05. Christa suggested working harder / Christa suggested that we could work harder

06. We warned you that you must stop cheating at tests. / We warned you to stop cheating at tests.

07. The reporter claimed that Mr Johnson had been arrested for murder

08. Mum urged us to eat all our spinach.

reported speech

do exercises 1-3 + corpus spot

                 speaking

do exercises 1-3

OA CD 1 nr 18