4.3 Emperor against pope - Q -

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• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

AGE 4: The Time of cities and states

4.3  Emperor against Pope

Fill in the group members' names here.
First + last name.

1. Source 4.3.1 shows how spiritual and secular power were divided by Christ. As you can also see in the picture, a key and a sword were used to symbolise this division of power.
A. Why do you think a sword was used to symbolise secular power? Explain your answer.

1B. A key is used to enter a new space.
Why do you think a key was used to symbolise spiritual power? Explain the term spiritual in your answer.

2a. In lesson 3.3, you learned that the Feudal System was developed in the course of the eighth and ninth century.

In the Feudal System nobles received a piece of land from the king.
This land then became their property.

1. true
2. false

2b. Explain why the statement in the previous question is not correct.

2c. Can you mention 2 situations after which a nobleman had to give "his" land back to the king?

2d. Which disadvantage of the feudal system is mentioned in the text?
Use the word "hereditary" in your answer.

2e. Explain why kings wanted to appoint bishops to prevent this disadvantage.

3a. Read source 4.3.5.
This decree was written by Pope Gregory VII in 1078.
The source states that investitures are often performed by ‘lay persons’. Who does this probably refer to? Explain the the term "lay persons" in your answer.

3b. Read source 4.3.5.
What – according to this source – will happen if a bishop receives his investiture from a king or emperor? ( 2 answers).

If the question states: - according to the source- your answer must be found in the source alone, nowhere else.

So don't use your own knowledge to add information to the answer.

3c. Did Pope Gregory VII take this measure seriously? Find an example in the theory (text slide) to back up your answer.

5. What were 3 consequences for Henry IV when he was excommunicated by the pope?

6. Put the events in the correct chrono-logical order

(oldest to the top)

King Henry IV decides to travel to Canossa to beg Pope Gregory VII for forgiveness.

Henry IV is crowned emperor by Pope Clement III

King Henry IV ignores the Pope and appoints the bishop of Milan. Because of this, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates him.

Dictatus Papae: Pope Gregory VII claims that only the Pope is allowed to appoint bishops.

King Henry IV takes an army to Rome to drive out Gregory VII. He has a new Pope elected: Pope Clement III.

primary sources

7. Use the sources in this lesson. Which sources are primary sources?

4.3.1

4.3.2

4.3.3

4.3.4

4.3.5

4.3.6

4.3.7

4.3.8

4.3.9

secular

spiritual

8. Make the correct combinations

excommunication

warfare

government

monarchy

sword

monastery

prayer

bishop

feudalism

papal bull

congratulations