Industrial Revolution (English History Week)

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

2. Industrial Revolution (English History Week)

Young coalminers

What did the British need all this coal for in the 19th century?

1. To sell it to other nations
2. As a building material
3. To heat their houses
4. To power steam engines

Coal was mainly used to power steam engines

Goals for this lesson

At the end of this lesson you...

• understand what the industrial revolution was.
• can name several inventions that were made during the industrial revolution.
• can explain the living conditions for factoryworkers and their families in English cities.

Industrial Revolution

•  = Society shifts from using tools to make products, to using new sources of energy to power machines in factories.
  
• This shift is so big we call it a revolution and it's the start of the modern age (1800-present).

Before: Cottage industry 18th century

Before: Cottage industry 18th century

How long would it take on average to make a dress by hand in the 18th century?

1. 2 hours
2. 6 hours
3. 15 hours
4. 30 hours

First invention: Spinning Jenny c. 1880

Next invention

• 1712: First functional steam engine.
•  Steam engines were too large and expensive for cottage industry and were placed in factories. 
• Close to water and coal.

First steam train (1802)

Before: Liverpool (UK) c. 1700

After: Liverpool (UK) c. 1850

Changes in life

• Urbanisation
• Poor living and working conditions
• Living in polluted and disease ridden cities 

Population  Liverpool

1801-2001

Do you have a job?

For how many hours?

What is your hourly rate?

From what age are you allowed to work in the Netherlands?

020

Which invention kickstarted the industrial revolution?

1. The assembly line
2. Steam engines
3. Spinning Jenny
4. Trains

Barely surviving

• Wages of labourers were not enough to pay rent and food. 
• The women and children had to work too.
• Children would sweep chimneys and crawl under machines.

1930s

Transportation

• The rail network expands.
• Many cities get an electric tramline.
• New ways of travel drastically cut travel times.

Would you survive the 19the century?