Relative pronouns

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

English 

Relative pronouns

Goal: use the relative pronouns correctly

Relative pronouns

Use: We use Relative pronouns (betrekkelijke voornaamwoorden)

--> to refer to people, things and animals, places 

-->and to indicate that someone or something possesses something 

Who

We use this Relative pronoun to refer to people 

This is the man who always walks around town with a paper bag over his head.

Whose

We use this Relative pronoun to indicate that someone possesses* something else.

Whose money is this? 

* translation verb: bezitten

Which

We use this Relative pronoun to refer to animals or things.

This is a picture of our dog, which we recently adopted from a shelter.

That

Never use "that" after a comma!

only in defining clause

This Relative pronoun may sometimes be used instead of who (for people) and which (for animals/things). 

I loathe people that / who constantly make fun of others.

The speech that / which my classmate gave at the graduation ceremony was brilliant.

Relative pronouns

• Verwijzen terug naar een eerder genoemd woord
  
• Verbinden twee zinsdelen aan elkaar

Martin played Tennis with Sophie, who was slightly injured.

relative pronoun

Noa sold her phone, which was old and damaged.

relative pronoun

Relative pronouns

Je kunt een betrekkelijk voornaamwoord weglaten als

• het al duidelijk is om wie of wat het gaat
• het pronoun NIET op het onderwerp slaat
  
• er een voornaamwoord achter staat

The flowers which he gave me were beautiful.

Persoonlijk: ik, jij, hij, etc.

Bezittelijk: mijn, zijn, onze, etc.

Wederkerend: me, je, zich, etc.

The flowers he gave me were beautiful.

Relative pronouns

Relative pronoun verwijst naar:

that

who

whose

which

where

persoon, dier, ding

persoon

bezit

dier, ding

plaats

Na een komma gebruik je nooit 'that'

relative clauses

defining clause = Important information > don't use commas > who of which kan vervangen worden door that

This is the place where he asked her to marry him.

The man who/that knew all the answers

relative clauses

non-defining clause = Additional/extra information (you don't need it to understand the sentence > use commas > who of which kun je NIET vervangen door that

The house, which was extremely expensive, was built in 1874.

My neighbour, who is single, is a very nice man.

in het kort

relative pronouns;                      defining clause -> 

who -> personen                         informatie is van belang voor de 

which -> dieren/dingen            zin. That kan gebruikt worden i.p.v.

whose -> bezit                              who of which

where -> plaats                            non-defining clause ->  extra      

that -> personen/dieren/         informatie die niet van belang is,

 dingen (defining clause)         te herkennen aan komma's

                                                         

                                                                            

The dog .... walks over there isn't mine.

1. who
2. which

who/which/that/O?
She sent me a reply ... simply said: "OK".

1. who
2. which
3. that / which
4. O

who/which/that/O?
She was somebody ... always looked happy.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. O

who, which, that or O?
Here are some songs ... my mother taught me.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. 0

Hi! My name’s Jeremy, __________ is also my father’s name! I’m a student at a university which is right in the centre of the city. I live in a big student apartment block __________ about 200 other students live, too. It’s quite good – apart from the rooms, there are areas __________ we can relax and buy food. Anyway, I was sorting out the shelves __________ have all my books on them – and I found a book which belonged to another student __________ studies with me. So I went to give him back the book that I had found. But he wasn’t in his room. Then as I was looking at the book, I found something __________ was hidden between the pages. It was a photo of him and me and a friend who dropped out last year. Quite sad, really!

which

that

who

which

where

where

I’ve lost the money _______ my mum gave me!

1. which
2. who

That’s the museum _______ has some really old jewellery.

1. which
2. who

Michael’s the person _______ helped me the most at primary school.

1. which
2. who

Sarah’s got a ring _______ was her grandmother’s

1. which
2. who

We had spaghetti, .... is my favourite meal, for dinner last night.

1. that
2. whose
3. which
4. where

Welke woorden horen bij personen?

1. who and that
2. who and which
3. which and whom
4. whose, who en whom

The boy ………... cat just died will stay at home today.

1. whom
2. which
3. whose
4. that

Wanneer kun je een betrekkelijk voornaamwoord weglaten uit de zin?

1. Als er een voornaamwoord achter staat
2. Dit kan alleen bij who, which, that
3. Niet
4. A en B zijn juist

This is the woman who
asked Tim for money yesterday.

kun je who vervangen door that?

1. ja
2. nee

Do you like the dog .....
is under the table?

1. Who
2. Which

Wel of geen "that" ?
The only Bond film ... I like is Skyfall.

1. Wel
2. Geen

Wel of geen "that" ?
Thom, .... is in my class, is 15 years old.

1. Wel
2. Geen

What to do now:

Homework next time:

uit je werkboek maakt je op bladzijde 46 en 47 opdracht 1,2,3,4,5

bij opdracht 1 markeer je de antwoorden die je zou kunnen vervangen door THAT en omcirkel het nummer van de zin als je het relative pronoun ook weg kunt laten.