Mastering Modal Verbs: Understanding Different Forms and Uses

Welcome students!
Welcome to your English lesson!

Today's lesson: Modal verbs: The different forms and uses.


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EngelsMiddelbare schoolhavoLeerjaar 3

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Welcome students!
Welcome to your English lesson!

Today's lesson: Modal verbs: The different forms and uses.


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Learning Objective
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to identify different forms and understand the various uses of modal verbs in English.

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Recap of last lesson(s)
Adverbs (bijwoord) & adjectives (Bijvoegelijk naamwoord)

Which is an adverb and which is an adjective?
The smart student sang beautifully.

The quick car drove recklessly.

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P 135 in workbook

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Summary

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Find the modal verbs

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Introduction to Modal Verbs
For now you only need to know:
  • Ability
  • Permission
  • Politeness
  • Obligation


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Forms of Modal Verbs
Modal verbs do not change their form according to the subject. They are always followed by the base form of the main verb. 

For example:
  • 'She can sing.'
  • 'I should study more for the test'

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Modal Verbs for Ability
The modal verbs 'can', 'could' and 'be able to' are used to show ability, that you can of can't do something.





Present
Past
Can  (kunnen, mogelijk zijn)
Could  (zou kunnen)
I can swim.
I could swim when I was younger.
To be able to (kunnen, in tstaat zijn
I was able to swim for two hours non-stop.

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Modal Verbs for Politeness
You can also use 'could' or 'can', to ask permission to do something. 

For example
Could I join you guys for the cinema?
Can I go to the toilet please?



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Modal Verbs for Politeness
Modal verbs like 'could', 'can', 'may' & 'might' 

May and Might are more formal than can/could

Might is the most polite form of them all:
  • 'May I borrow your pen perhaps?'
  • 'Might I bother you for a minute?'

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Modal Verbs for Probability
Modal verbs such as 'might', 'may', and 'could' are used to express uncertainty or probability about a situation or an event.

For example:
  • 'The students might be late.'
  • 'It may rain this afternoon.'
  • 'We could get wet when we go out.'

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Modal Verbs for Permission
Modal verbs such as'to be allowed to' , 'can' an 'could' express whether  you are allowed to go an event.


(can > alleen in present simple)


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Modal Verbs for obligation
Modal verbs like 'have to', 'must', and 'should' are obligations.

  • Must is the strongest form
  • Followed by Have to
  • Should is just used for advice

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Modal Verbs for obligation
Modal verbs like 'have to', 'must', and 'should' are obligations.

For example:
  • 'Students must be in class on time.'
  • 'You have to be finished with your homework.'
  • 'We should exercise more during the week.'

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An overview

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Assessment and Review
Do the practice test
Continue on with your homework where you left off last lesson.

The homework is:
  • see planner U3.5
  • prepare for Unit test

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Learning Objective
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to identify different forms and understand the various uses of modal verbs in English.

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Learning Objective
What do the following Modal verbs mean?

  • Can
  • Might
  • Should
  • Must

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