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Making an Ethogram and studying behavior
Studying behaviour
Ethology: study of animal and human behaviour
Behaviour contains
actions
(gedragselementen) : these are often interrelated and have a goal
Chain of behaviour
Make an ethogram: a list of an animal's behaviour that creates an inventory of actions/movements/patterns that an animal exhibits
Ethogram is a tool to measure behaviour to understand how an animal behaves and interacts with the environment
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Biologie
Middelbare school
vwo
Leerjaar 3
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Studying behaviour
Ethology: study of animal and human behaviour
Behaviour contains
actions
(gedragselementen) : these are often interrelated and have a goal
Chain of behaviour
Make an ethogram: a list of an animal's behaviour that creates an inventory of actions/movements/patterns that an animal exhibits
Ethogram is a tool to measure behaviour to understand how an animal behaves and interacts with the environment
Slide 1 - Diapositive
How do we study behaviour?
To study behaviour, we have to quantify it (#s, data)
Example: How often? How long? Differences
The behaviour (action) must be objective
The action must be repeatable
Slide 2 - Diapositive
Steps to making an ethogram
Observe the species
See which actions the animal is making
Write down each action objectively (ex. animal shows teeth = growl)
Give each action an abbreviation
Slide 3 - Diapositive
Example
Action
Abbreviation
Description
Sitting
si
bottom has touched the ground
Scratching
sc
hind leg strokes fur
Rolling
ro
turns 180 degrees
Slide 4 - Diapositive
Get your results
Protocol - write down which actions you observe within a time frame
1st step: Name of species, where, when (time and date), length of time
Rabbit
Noorddijk 23, Piershil
rabbit cage 2X2m
7-9-2021, 10:05am
Observation time: 5 min, every 10s
Slide 5 - Diapositive
Time
1
2
3
4
5
0-10sec
10-20sec
20-30sec
30-40sec
40-50sec
50-60sec
Protocol for a rabbit
Slide 6 - Diapositive
Time
1
2
3
4
5
0-10sec
si
sc
10-20sec
si
sc
20-30sec
si
sc
30-40sec
sc
si
40-50sec
ro
si
50-60sec
ro
si
Slide 7 - Diapositive
Videos:
horse: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAY8ZatNTZE
rats: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZmPINRJOVg
monkeys: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M_AL93uqIow
chimps: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tM4si1ZO4Ns
dog: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNAwVoa1HvI
Slide 8 - Diapositive
Slide 9 - Diapositive
Habituation
Chemotaxis
Kinesis
Imprinting
Responding to food chemicals by moving towards the stimulus
A randomly directed movement of the organism in response to a stimulus
Animals learn not to respond to unimportant signals in the environment
Slide 10 - Question de remorquage
The red/white pencil is a
A
Super stimulus
B
Supernormal stimulus
C
Sign stimulus
D
Sign response
Slide 11 - Quiz
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