3.5 Taking out the rubbish

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

excretion

lungs

kidneys

skin

large intestine

Which process is shown in the picture?

1. Diffusion
2. Osmosis
3. Gas exchange
4. Respiration

If a red blood cell and a plant cell were placed in seawater, what would happen to the two types of cells?

1. The red blood cell would burst, and the plant cell would shrink.
2. Both cells would lose water; the red blood cell would shrivel, and the plant plasma membrane would pull away from the cell wall.
3. Both cells would gain water by osmosis; the red blood cell would burst, and the plant cell would increase in turgor pressure.
4. The red blood cell would shrink, and the plant cell would gain water.

A single plant cell is placed in an isotonic solution. Salt is then added to the solution. Which of the following would occur as a result of the salt addition?

1. The added salt would enter the cell, causing the cell to take up water and swell.
2. Water would enter the cell by osmosis, and the cell would swell.
3. Water would leave the cell by osmosis, causing the volume of the cytoplasm to decrease.
4. There would be no osmotic movement of water in response to the added salt.

What do you know about 'excretion'?

excretion

Which of the following organs is not an excretory organ?

1. Kidney
2. Lungs
3. Skin
4. Liver

Production & transport of urine

a kidney

- blood enters via Renal Artery

- Flows to the Cortex

- is cleaned in Nephrons in the 

   Medulla

- blood flows through the Renal vein 

- urine flows to the Renal pelvis

- into the ureter

(- to the bladder)

The Bowman’s capsule (renal capsule):

surrounds a ball of capillaries called the capillary knot

high pressure is created in the capillary knot by the diameter of the capillary leaving the knot being narrower than the capillary entering

this pressure results in ultrafiltration where water, salts, glucose, and other small molecules pass out of the capillary and into the Bowman's capsule

proteins and blood cells are too big to leave the capillaries to go into the tubule

The rest of the tubule is responsible for the selective reabsorption of glucose, some salts, and lots of the water.

The collecting duct is responsible for the selective reabsorption of water and for sending urine to the ureter.

What is the tube called that runs from kidney to bladder?

1. Ureter
2. Urethra

Again, link the waste product to the organ!

Large intestine

Skin

Lungs

Kidneys

Carbon Dioxide

Other waste from blood

Undigested food

Salt

Water

Water

Water

Water

Salt