Yr11 B6 -01 - Reproduction, the Genome, DNA and Meiosis

What do you already know about Genetics?

In asexual reproduction, how many parents are involved?

1. Two
2. One
3. It varies
4. None

What is the result of asexual reproduction in terms of genetic similarity between parent and offspring?

1. Offspring are genetically diverse
2. Genetic material is lost in offspring
3. Offspring have a mix of genetic material
4. Offspring are genetically identical clones

Which reproductive process involves the formation of clones without the fusion of gametes?

1. Sexual reproduction
2. Mitosis
3. Meiosis
4. Fertilization

Sexual Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

requires 2 parents

Allows for quick colonisation of a new area

Only requires 1 organism

creates diversity which increases a species chance of survival

uses mitosis to make new organisms

uses meiosis to make gametes

the offspring are genetically identical to the parents

Offspring are genetically 50% similar to parents

How many parents are involved in sexual reproduction?

1. one
2. two
3. three
4. none

What is the result of the fusion of male and female gametes in sexual reproduction?

1. Zygote
2. Embryo
3. Haploid
4. Diploid

What is the term for the process where nuclei of male and female gametes fuse?

1. Meiosis
2. Fertilization
3. Mitosis
4. Replication

In sexual reproduction, what is the chromosome number in gametes?

1. Diploid
2. Triploid
3. Tetraploid
4. Haploid

Which process creates genetically different gametes in sexual reproduction?

1. Meiosis
2. Mitosis
3. Fertilization
4. Replication

What are the gametes in animals and flowering plants?

1. Sperm and eggs; pollen and eggs
2. Sperm and ovules; pollen and seeds
3. Ova and sperm; ovules and pollen
4. Eggs and sperm; seeds and nectar

What term is used to describe the offspring produced in sexual reproduction in terms of genetic differences?

1. Clones
2. Identical
3. Genetically different
4. Haploid

What process creates gametes in sexual reproduction, and where does it occur?

1. Mitosis; male reproductive organs
2. Meiosis; male and female reproductive organs
3. Fertilization; female reproductive organs
4. Meiosis; only in females

What is a genome?

How many chromosomes are present in a maize cell (40) after meiosis?

1. 18 chromosomes
2. 40 chromosomes
3. 20 chromosomes
4. 25 chromosomes

What is the number of chromosomes in a cat cell(38) following mitosis?

1. 35 chromosomes
2. 76 chromosomes
3. 40 chromosomes
4. 38 chromosomes

What is the chromosome count in a dog cell(78) after meiosis?

1. 39 chromosomes
2. 36 chromosomes
3. 45 chromosomes
4. 78 chromosomes

How many chromosomes are present in a fruit fly cell(8) following mitosis?

1. 6 chromosomes
2. 8 chromosomes
3. 10 chromosomes
4. 16 chromosomes

What is the number of chromosomes in a human cell following meiosis?

1. 30 chromosomes
2. 20 chromosomes
3. 46 chromosomes
4. 23 chromosomes

What is the chemical composition of the genetic material in the nucleus of a cell?

1. RNA
2. DNA
3. Proteins
4. Carbohydrates

How is DNA structured in the nucleus, forming a distinctive shape?

1. Single helix
2. Triple helix
3. Quadruple helix
4. Double helix

Why is each person's DNA considered unique, except for identical twins?

1. They have different chromosomes
2. They have different genes
3. DNA is a polymer
4. DNA fingerprinting reveals distinct patterns

What is a gene, and where is it located?

1. A segment of RNA in the nucleus
2. A region of proteins in the cell membrane
3. A small section of DNA in a chromosome
4. A sequence of amino acids in the cytoplasm

Mitosis

Meiosis

Genetic Mixing happens

New cells show variation

Gamete production occurs

New cells have the same number of chromosomes are parent

Happens in skin cells

Two divisions occur

Identical cells are formed

Two new cells are formed as a result