Fertilisation and Pregnancy

Fertilisation and Pregnancy
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BiologieMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 4

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Fertilisation and Pregnancy

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Learning Objectives
  • Describe the hormonal changes that occur if fertilisation happens
  • Describe the hormones involved in pregnancy
  • Describe important stages during pregnancy



Slide 2 - Diapositive

During which days of a 28 days menstrual cycle does the follicular phase occur?
A
1-13
B
14-17
C
14-28
D
0-5

Slide 3 - Quiz

Where does fertilisation occur?
A
Ovary
B
Uterus
C
Vagina
D
Fallopian tube

Slide 4 - Quiz

Which hormone is released from the pituitary gland that stimulates the follicles in the ovary to mature?
A
Progesterone
B
GnRH
C
FSH
D
Oestrogen

Slide 5 - Quiz

What causes the menstruation to start when the egg is not fertilized?
A
Peak in progesterone
B
Peak in oestrogen
C
Lack of progesterone
D
Lack of oestrogen

Slide 6 - Quiz

Slide 7 - Vidéo

Fertilisation
  • Sperm cells carry enzymes
  • Egg cell create permanent block
  • Egg cell completes meiosis II


Slide 8 - Diapositive

Slide 9 - Diapositive

Slide 10 - Diapositive

Slide 11 - Diapositive

Pregnancy - first period
  • Meiosis completes
  • Cleavage divisions
  • Blastocyst
  • Implantation




Slide 12 - Diapositive

Assignment
What are the key hormones in pregnancy?
Which organs are involved in their production?
Which role do these hormones have during the pregnancy? 

Slide 13 - Diapositive

Placental development

Slide 14 - Diapositive

Slide 15 - Vidéo

The roles of placenta
  • Nutritional (provides oxygen, glucose, amino acid transfer)
  • Immunologic (protects the fetus from pathogens and the maternal immune system)
  • Endocrinologic (produces hormones)
  • Metabolic (serves as the respiratory and the kidney organ for the fetus)

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Birth
  • First stage:
- Cervix expands
- Amniotic fluid released
  • Second stage: delivery
- Actual birth
  • Third stage:
- Expulsion of the placenta


Slide 17 - Diapositive

Slide 18 - Vidéo

Lactation
  • Nourishment after birth
  • Hormones

- Prolactin: promotes milk production
- Oxitocyn: stimulates release of milk
  • Drinking baby promotes release of prolactin and oxytocin, but inhibits release of LH and FSH
- Lactational anovulation
  • Colostrum: first milk, contains many antibodies


Slide 19 - Diapositive

Which of these hormones does not increase during pregnancy?
A
FSH
B
Progesterone
C
HCG
D
Oestrogen

Slide 20 - Quiz

Which of these hormones stimulates lactation?
A
FSH
B
Oxytocin
C
HCG
D
LH

Slide 21 - Quiz

Your school friend just did a pregnancy test. The result of the test is positive. Which hormone has been then detected?
A
The presence of progesterone
B
The presence of human chorionic gonadotropin

Slide 22 - Quiz

Homework:
Read the book: pages 123-125

Slide 23 - Diapositive