Illegal Fishing Lesson 2 (Primary)
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Lesduur is: 45 minIntroductie
Overfishing is emptying the ocean, with 90% of fisheries already overfished. Illegal fishing is increasing this. In this lesson we will look at some of the practices being used to protect the ocean and marine wildlife, and how IUU activity is being detected.
Instructies
During this lesson we will further explore IUU fishing activity, by looking at some of the practices being used to protect the ocean and ways that law enforcement are using to detect illegal fishing activity.
Time: 45 minutes
Contact: education@seashepherdglobal.org
© Sea Shepherd 2021
Time: 45 minutes
Contact: education@seashepherdglobal.org
© Sea Shepherd 2021
Instructies
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Slide 1 - Tekstslide
This lesson is provided by Sea Shepherd. Sea Shepherd was founded in 1977 and is a marine conservation organisation working to protect the oceans and marine wildlife. Sea Shepherd works globally on a range of issues impacting the oceans, running numerous direct action campaigns each year. IUU is one area Sea Shepherd is working on to help stop illegal fishing and reduce by-catch.
Slide 2 - Tekstslide
During the lesson we will use these icons to identify the learning actions.
Slide 3 - Tekstslide
During this lesson we will further explore IUU fishing activity, by looking at some of the practices being used to protect the ocean and ways that law enforcement are using to detect illegal fishing activity.
INTERACTIVE JOIN – ask students to go to www.LessonUp.app
INTERACTIVE JOIN – ask students to go to www.LessonUp.app
Slide 4 - Tekstslide
Overfishing
This slide shows an emptying ocean. Explain to students that scientists estimate that by 2050 the ocean ecosystem will be on the verge of collapse, empty of fish and marine wildlife, unless urgent action is taken on the issues impacting on the oceans and marine wildlife.
INTERACTIVE JOIN – ask students to go to www.LessonUp.app
This slide shows an emptying ocean. Explain to students that scientists estimate that by 2050 the ocean ecosystem will be on the verge of collapse, empty of fish and marine wildlife, unless urgent action is taken on the issues impacting on the oceans and marine wildlife.
INTERACTIVE JOIN – ask students to go to www.LessonUp.app
Slide 5 - Tekstslide
Last lesson summary
In the last lesson we discussed the meaning of IUU and the causes behind the increasing demand for fish. We also learned the extent of illegal fishing taking place, with around 30% of the global commercial fishing catch taken illegally.
Now we are going to look at some of the measures in place to stop IUU activity.
In the last lesson we discussed the meaning of IUU and the causes behind the increasing demand for fish. We also learned the extent of illegal fishing taking place, with around 30% of the global commercial fishing catch taken illegally.
Now we are going to look at some of the measures in place to stop IUU activity.
Slide 6 - Tekstslide
Practices to protect marine wildlife
In many countries and regions there are laws and regulations in place to help regulate fishing and protect marine ecosystems. These regulations help to provide the framework for the legal fishing industry and the basis upon which law enforcement agencies can monitor and enforce fisheries crimes.
In many countries and regions there are laws and regulations in place to help regulate fishing and protect marine ecosystems. These regulations help to provide the framework for the legal fishing industry and the basis upon which law enforcement agencies can monitor and enforce fisheries crimes.
Slide 7 - Tekstslide
International laws
In international waters there are regulations in place, agreed to via the United Nations. These include regulations on restricting the use of driftnet fishing in international waters.
In international waters there are regulations in place, agreed to via the United Nations. These include regulations on restricting the use of driftnet fishing in international waters.
Slide 8 - Tekstslide
CITES
The Convention for International Trade on Endangered Species (CITES) is an agreement by those that are party to the convention to prohibit and monitor the trade in endangered species, to try and safeguard the future of endangered species.
Countries that have signed up to CITES must prohibit any trade in fauna or flora that are listed by CITES. There are over 180 parties to the convention, which covers around 35,000 species of animals and plants.
The Convention for International Trade on Endangered Species (CITES) is an agreement by those that are party to the convention to prohibit and monitor the trade in endangered species, to try and safeguard the future of endangered species.
Countries that have signed up to CITES must prohibit any trade in fauna or flora that are listed by CITES. There are over 180 parties to the convention, which covers around 35,000 species of animals and plants.
Slide 9 - Tekstslide
Marine zones and sanctuaries
Each country that borders the ocean has territorial waters, referred to as an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The EEZ is included in the United Nations Law of the Sea, where coastal states assume control over this area and its marine resources.
Within the EEZ countries can establish marine sanctuaries providing protection in ecologically vital areas, such as areas where fish breed or where ecosystems that have been damaged
and need to recover. Within these zones fishing and other activities are strictly controlled or prohibited.
Each country that borders the ocean has territorial waters, referred to as an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The EEZ is included in the United Nations Law of the Sea, where coastal states assume control over this area and its marine resources.
Within the EEZ countries can establish marine sanctuaries providing protection in ecologically vital areas, such as areas where fish breed or where ecosystems that have been damaged
and need to recover. Within these zones fishing and other activities are strictly controlled or prohibited.
Slide 10 - Tekstslide
RFMO
Regional fisheries management organisations (RFMO) are international bodies that help to regulate fishing. Cooperation between different countries on the management of some highly migratory species is important.
Regional fisheries management organisations (RFMO) are international bodies that help to regulate fishing. Cooperation between different countries on the management of some highly migratory species is important.
Slide 11 - Tekstslide
Fishing permits
Along with RFMO’s countries can set up licensing systems to issue permits for fishing. Permits give the fishermen permission to catch certain types of fish species and the amount they can catch. They may also set restrictions on the size of the fish they can catch, so as to avoid taking immature fish. Both commercial and recreational fishermen can be subjected to restrictions via the permit system, limiting the location for fishing, the species allowed to be caught, restrictions on size and catch limits.
If appropriate discuss local laws around recreational fishing.
Along with RFMO’s countries can set up licensing systems to issue permits for fishing. Permits give the fishermen permission to catch certain types of fish species and the amount they can catch. They may also set restrictions on the size of the fish they can catch, so as to avoid taking immature fish. Both commercial and recreational fishermen can be subjected to restrictions via the permit system, limiting the location for fishing, the species allowed to be caught, restrictions on size and catch limits.
If appropriate discuss local laws around recreational fishing.
Slide 12 - Tekstslide
Detecting and stopping illegal fishing
One way to reduce overfishing is by detecting and detaining illegal fishing operations and monitoring the catches of legal fishing vessels. With around 30% of the global fishing catch taken illegally this can have a huge impact.
One way to reduce overfishing is by detecting and detaining illegal fishing operations and monitoring the catches of legal fishing vessels. With around 30% of the global fishing catch taken illegally this can have a huge impact.
Slide 13 - Tekstslide
Automatic Identification System (AIS)
Locating a vessel can be done by monitoring AIS on a ships radar. Shipping vessels are required by law to have on board an Automatic Identification System (AIS), which shows the location and the identification details of the vessel. By monitoring the position of vessels, authorities can detect illegal activity in protected areas, such as marine reserves.
Locating a vessel can be done by monitoring AIS on a ships radar. Shipping vessels are required by law to have on board an Automatic Identification System (AIS), which shows the location and the identification details of the vessel. By monitoring the position of vessels, authorities can detect illegal activity in protected areas, such as marine reserves.
Slide 14 - Tekstslide
Satellite monitoring
Satellites allow fishing vessels to be monitored all over the world. Which allows vessels to be tracked, even without their AIS switched on. Satellite monitoring also allows law enforcement vessels patrolling for illegal activity to find the location of potential illegal activity.
Satellites allow fishing vessels to be monitored all over the world. Which allows vessels to be tracked, even without their AIS switched on. Satellite monitoring also allows law enforcement vessels patrolling for illegal activity to find the location of potential illegal activity.
Slide 15 - Video
Patrol vessels
The best way to deter illegal activity is to patrol the ocean. In areas where illegal poachers are heavily operating the only option is to patrol the waters. Using a patrol vessel that is faster than the fishing vessels allows law enforcement to chase down poachers and board their vessels for inspection. Inspection means taking a look at their log books, checking their registration documents, fishing license and what catch is in the ships hold.
Some countries don’t have the resources to undertake these patrols, this is where Sea Shepherd has been able to help by providing ships and crew to assist in law enforcement activities.
Show the video (4.36 min) from Sea Shepherd’s Operation Jodari in Tanzania. This shows some of the illegal activities taking place and the impact patrolling the EEZ.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9Q00iciLuc&list=PLx1pnhQVtbbDkZfN2nz9qqd8bVVLOGkkl
The best way to deter illegal activity is to patrol the ocean. In areas where illegal poachers are heavily operating the only option is to patrol the waters. Using a patrol vessel that is faster than the fishing vessels allows law enforcement to chase down poachers and board their vessels for inspection. Inspection means taking a look at their log books, checking their registration documents, fishing license and what catch is in the ships hold.
Some countries don’t have the resources to undertake these patrols, this is where Sea Shepherd has been able to help by providing ships and crew to assist in law enforcement activities.
Show the video (4.36 min) from Sea Shepherd’s Operation Jodari in Tanzania. This shows some of the illegal activities taking place and the impact patrolling the EEZ.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9Q00iciLuc&list=PLx1pnhQVtbbDkZfN2nz9qqd8bVVLOGkkl
Law enforcement agencies
Each country has its own authorities, such as fisheries agencies, coast guard, navy or marines that monitor fishing activities and tackle the issue of IUU activity.
Each country has its own authorities, such as fisheries agencies, coast guard, navy or marines that monitor fishing activities and tackle the issue of IUU activity.
Slide 16 - Tekstslide
Regional cooperation
To combat IUU fishing activities, which span whole regions, countries are starting to work together to form taskforces that coordinate responses against illegal activities, including fishing. In south east Africa eight countries have formed FISH- I Africa to tackle these issues: Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, Somalia and Tanzania.
To combat IUU fishing activities, which span whole regions, countries are starting to work together to form taskforces that coordinate responses against illegal activities, including fishing. In south east Africa eight countries have formed FISH- I Africa to tackle these issues: Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, Somalia and Tanzania.
Why do you think
international cooperation
on fishing is important?
international cooperation
on fishing is important?
Slide 17 - Woordweb
Ask students to respond via www.LessonUp.app or discuss in classroom.
“Why do you think international cooperation on fishing is important?”
“Why do you think international cooperation on fishing is important?”
Slide 18 - Tekstslide
INTERPOL
Interpol is an international police force involved in operations to monitor and coordinate the evidence required to arrest illegal operators, no matter where they are in the world.
Vessels that break the law and fish illegally can be blacklisted by countries or RMFO’s. If they return they will be arrested.
Where evidence has been gathered against an illegal operator, with the aim to prosecute, Interpol can issue what is called a Purple Notice against them. A purple notices requires participating countries to detain the vessel once it enters their waters.
A Purple Notice is for the provision of information on procedures, objects, devices or hiding places used by criminals. Which means that Interpol are looking for information on the ships activities and evidence against them, such as fishing gear that has been used to fish illegal.
Interpol is an international police force involved in operations to monitor and coordinate the evidence required to arrest illegal operators, no matter where they are in the world.
Vessels that break the law and fish illegally can be blacklisted by countries or RMFO’s. If they return they will be arrested.
Where evidence has been gathered against an illegal operator, with the aim to prosecute, Interpol can issue what is called a Purple Notice against them. A purple notices requires participating countries to detain the vessel once it enters their waters.
A Purple Notice is for the provision of information on procedures, objects, devices or hiding places used by criminals. Which means that Interpol are looking for information on the ships activities and evidence against them, such as fishing gear that has been used to fish illegal.
Name two methods that are in place
to protect marine wildlife?
Slide 19 - Open vraag
Ask students to answer using the www.LessonUp.app:
“Name two methods that are in place to protect marine wildlife?”
“Name two methods that are in place to protect marine wildlife?”
Name three ways in which IUU activity
can be detected?
Slide 20 - Open vraag
Ask students to answer using the www.LessonUp.app:
“Name three ways in which IUU activity be detected?”
“Name three ways in which IUU activity be detected?”
Write down three things you have learned?
Slide 21 - Open vraag
What did you learn?
Ask students to answer the following question using www.LessonUp.app or discuss in the classroom.
“Write down three things you have learned?”
Ask students to answer the following question using www.LessonUp.app or discuss in the classroom.
“Write down three things you have learned?”
Write down one thing you didn't understand?
Slide 22 - Open vraag
What don’t you understand?
Ask students to answer the following question using www.LessonUp.app or discuss in the classroom.
“Write down one thing you didn’t understand?”
Ask students to answer the following question using www.LessonUp.app or discuss in the classroom.
“Write down one thing you didn’t understand?”
Slide 23 - Tekstslide
Next lesson we will discuss the issue of by-catch and the fishing methods that are being used and their impacts.
Slide 24 - Tekstslide
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