§3.4 The nervous system [Topic 3 - organizing the world]- Year 2

• Science
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Get ready

- TB p. 134

- notebook

- this lessonup

Topic 3

ORGANIZING THE WORLD

§3.4 The Nervous system

p. 134-135

§3.4  - Learning goals

I can....

• explain the function of the nervous system
• describe the components of the central nervous system 
• explain the process wherein the nervous system detects information from the environment and reacts to it
• describe the functions of the three different types of

neurons 

p. 134-135

§3.4  - Key words

• Nervous system
• Brain
• Spinal cord
• Central Nervous system
• Peripheral nervous system
• Stimulus
• Receptor cells
• Impulse 

p. 134-135

• Coordinator
• Effector 
• Response 
• Neurons
• Sensory neurons
• Inter(mediate) neurons
• Motor neurones 

§3.4  - Your nervous system

Your nervous system is your bodies fast communication system:

• Your Central nervous system (control system, CNS)
• Your Peripheral nervous system (routers, PNS)

p. 134-135

§3.4  - Signals

When your body observes stimuli from it's environment, the following cycle happens:

• PNS - Your body receives a stimuli (senses)
• CNS - Your brain/spinal cord coordinates a response.
• PNS - Muscles / glands create a response

p. 134-135

Just wonder yourself how beautiful nature works: Nerves and neurons

spinal cord - grey and white matter

How does the nervous system work?

Sensory cells (receptor) receive stimulus from
                               outside (for example chocolate)

   sensory neurons                                                                                                                                      = impulses     interneurons ( spinal cord)   

             brain    

    interneurons ( spinal cord)             

    motor neurons            muscles (effector)

Responding to a stimulus

1. Receptor	->	Sensory cells in sense organ
2. Sensory neuron	->	Gathers and sends impulses from the senses
3. Inter neuron (Spinal cord)	->	Communicates between the different parts of the CNS
4. Brain
5. Inter neuron (Spinal cord)
6. Motor neuron	->	sends impulses to effector cells
7. Effector	->	muscles or glands

You get an itch in your elbow. What is the stimulus in this reaction?

1. Receptors in your skin
2. The itch itself
3. muscles that move your arm to scratch
4. The brain that decides to scratch the elbow

You get an itch in your elbow. What is the response in this reaction?

1. Receptors in your skin
2. The itch itself
3. muscles that move your arm to scratch
4. The brain that decides to scratch the elbow

Which will send an impulse along sensory neurons?

1. Receptors in your skin
2. The spinal cord
3. The muscles in your arm
4. The brain

Which will receive an impulse by motor neurons?

1. Receptors in your skin
2. The spinal cord
3. The muscles in your arm
4. The brain

Sensory neurons carry information

1. away from the brain.
2. both to and from the brain.
3. towards the brain.
4. within the brain

Motor Neuron

Inter neuron

Sensory neuron

Found in visual system, brain, and spinal cord, pass information on

carry electrical impulses away from the brain and spinal cord

Take information from sense organs to the brain and spinal cord

Normal situation

In a soccer match a player kicks the ball to the goal.

The goal keeper sees the ball and he jumps and catches it.

Describe the pathway in the goal keeper's nervous system.

Describe the pathway in the goal keeper's nervous system.

First:

Light from the ball –> 

sensory receptors of the eye –>  

impulses by sensory neurones –> 

impulses by interneurons in spinal cord + brain stem –> 

brain (vision area).

Now the keeper is aware of the ball

Now the keeper is aware of the ball 😜

After that:

Brain (motor area) creates impulses -> 

impulses by interneurons in brain stem + spinal cord –> impulses by motor neurons –> 

muscles in legs and arms

Now the keeper jumps and catches the ball!

§3.4  - Neurones - Wires

Our body has 3 types of neurones:

• sensory neurones              - connects senses to the CNS
• inter(mediate) neurones - the neurones within the CNS
• motor neurones.                 - connects the CNS to the effectors

p. 134-135

GET READY

ONLY YOUR MACBOOK:

KWIZL - ET_Y2_3.4

ET_Y2_3.4

Do the quiz.

Check another quiz and give feedback.

Reflect upon your own work.

(write this down in your notebook)

HW for next time:

To be done before class:

Complete the exercise of Topic 3.4 (p.136-141)

Read Topic 3.5 (p.142-143)

Study the glossary of Topic 3.5 on Studygo.

BE PREPRARED FOR AN ENTRY TICKET

p. 134-141