Linguistics

• Engels
• Middelbare school

Linguistics

What do you think the word
`linguistics` means ?

Linguistics, also called linguistics or linguistics, is the scientific study of natural languages. The aim of linguistics is to describe languages ​​as they are; that is, as people actually use them. If the research does not concern a specific language but natural languages ​​in general, we speak of universal linguistics.

Taalkunde, ook wel taalwetenschap of linguïstiek, is de wetenschappelijke studie van de natuurlijke talen. Het doel van de taalkunde is om talen te beschrijven zoals ze zijn; dat wil zeggen, zoals mensen ze in werkelijkheid gebruiken. Ingeval het onderzoek niet een specifieke taal betreft maar natuurlijke talen in het algemeen, spreken we van universele taalwetenschap.

Planner

• Lesson 1 - Similarities between English and Dutch
• Lesson 2 - Differences between British and American English
• Lesson 3 - Influence of modern technologies on the language 

Goals

Lesson 1  -  I am aware of the origin of Germanic languages

Lesson 2 - I am aware of the similaties between English and Dutch

Lesson 3 - I am aware of the influence of modern technologies on the language 

Which Germanic language is the most appealing to you ?

Most Popular Germanic Languages Spoken In The World 

English. The most widely spoken Germanic language with around 360–400 million native speakers and with an estimated 2 billion speakers worldwide.

German. The German language is the second most popularly spoken Germanic language in the world with over 100 million native speakers

Dutch. The third most widely spoken Germanic language in the world is Dutch with approximately 23 million native speakers and 5 million second-language speakers.

English

Dutch

Did you know that Dutch and English are actually very close relatives? Since Dutch and English are both West Germanic languages, the two have many (grammatical) similarities. It is even said that Dutch is the easiest foreign language to learn for English speakers because of the big resemblance between the two.

Were you aware, for example, that many English words actually have been adopted from the Dutch language? And similarly, the Dutch use a lot of English words in their day-to-day conversations, many of which have even been included in the Dutch dictionary. 

Similarities between English and Dutch

- Create a mindmap

- Use the handout 

English words we use in Dutch

Dutch words used in English

Boss

The Dutch form baas was recorded in English from 1620s as the standard title of a Dutch ship’s captain.

Yankee

Yankee, from Jan Kees a person’s name, originally used mockingly to describe revolutionary citizens. Nowadays it commonly refers to Americans from the United States.

Mannequin

A mannequin, a model to display clothes comes from the Dutch manneken “little man”.

Bazooka

How did such an innocent Dutch word (bazuin = “trumpet”) became a weapon known as a rocket launcher? The Americans probably took this word for the similar sound it made.

Santa Claus

Sinterklaas is a Dutch and Flemish feast celebrated on the 5th and 6 December respectively. He came to the Netherlands and then moved to America. 

Dutch words used in English

Bluff 

This poker term, probably derives from Dutch bluffen, which means “to brag, boast,” or verbluffen “to baffle, mislead.”

Snoop 

to snoop is from Dutch snoepen “to pry,” also “eat in secret, eat sweets, sneak,”

Rucksack 

Rucksack, also known as backpack, comes from the word rugzak, literally “back bag,”

Frolic 

Frolic, as in to have fun; the English language took the word from the frequently used word vrolijk, which means “happy” or “cheerful”. 

Iceberg 

An iceberg is a direct translation of the Dutch ijsberg, literally “ice mountain,” from ijs: “ice” and berg: “mountain”a

Coleslaw – in Dutch, it’s koolsla, which literally means “cabbage salad”

Landscape – we get this one from landschap, which has the same meaning in both languages

Cookie – is based on the Dutch word koekje (“biscuit” or “cookie”), which is sometimes written/pronounced koekie

Cruise – the origin for this word is the Dutch verb kruisen, which means “to cross”

Frolic – here, we took from the word vrolijk, which means “happy” or “cheerful”

Pump – change the ‘u’ to an ‘o,’ and you get the word pomp, which means “pump” (as in a gas or bicycle pump)

Rucksack – comes directly from the word rugzak, literally “back bag,” also known as backpack

Roster – just add an ‘o’ and you get the Dutch word rooster (“schedule” or “timetable”)

Spook – spelled exactly the same in both languages, in Dutch, a spook is a ghost, phantom, or spirit

Waffle – in Dutch, it’s spelled a bit differently (wafel), but they mean the same thing

Wagon – is not that far removed from it’s Dutch ancestor the wagen (used when referring to trains)

Onslaught – the Dutch word, aanslag, has the exact same meaning