3.5 + 3.6

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Here you see the different dyke rings. A weak point somewhere will not flood half of NL, but only the part in 1 dyke ring. 

Afsluitdijk

Deltawerken

Kustlijn zo kort mogelijk houden:

De Deltawerken

https://schooltv.nl/video/de-deltawerken-beschermen-nederland-tegen-de-zee/#q=deltawerken

De Afsluitdijk

https://schooltv.nl/video/de-afsluitdijk-de-langste-dijk-van-europa/

What are myths (which is not true) about water and the Netherlands?

1. The NL has regions enclosed by dyke rings
2. We will always keep our feet dry because of expertise
3. Half of the Netherlands is below sea level
4. Our coastline has been shortened

Let's read polders in types and sizes.

sea polder = zeepolder

peat polder = veenpolder

reclamed lakefloor = droogmakerij

IJsselmeerpolders = voorbeeld: Flevoland

When the sea is calm, clay or sand are being deposited

📌 Seapolder: 

• Dykes around the new land
  
• About sea level
• Sand and clay was brought by the sea
• Waddengebied plus Zeeland (North sea)

soorten polders: veenpolder

Droogmakerij

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXu4kTxFEwI

Reclaimed lake floor

It  is a polder.
How was it made?

1. First a ring dyke was built
2. Then the channel around it was dug
3. Then it was pumped dry and the water was transported away
   

IJsselmeerpolder 

Reclaimed Lakefloor

By sedimentation we get extra land along the coast. What type of polder is it?

1. sea polder
2. peat polder
3. reclamed lakefloor
4. IJsselmeerpolder

What is the name of the type of polder de Haarlemmermeerpolder in which we have Schiphol ?

Where do we have most peat polders?

1. In the east of the NL
2. In the south of the NL
3. In the west of the NL
4. In the north of the NL

Why did we build the IJsselmeerpolders?

1. to protect us against flooding
2. to have more land for agriculture
3. to build a second airport
4. to travel faster from Randstad to the north

Let's read 'threat to the coast'

3 ways to protect us better from the sea in the future:

1=to avoid more coastal erosion : beach nourishment (zandsuppletie)

2= give more space to the dunes, dynamic coastal management

3=tidal landscape supplies extra sediment

Sandsuppletion

Dynamic coastal management

Protect the coast line by reinforcing dykes and extra sand:

Dune area between Den Haag / Wassenaar / Noordzee

Is there any space for sea water, dunes etc in a densely populated area?

De eerste NL in Laag NL hadden het idee dat ze in de waddenzee woonden. Bij vloed nat en bij eb droog. Daardoor maakten zij *terpen

Terp = door mens gemaakte heuvel tegen bescherming van water. 

What is NOT a measure to defend ourselves against the threat to the coast.

1. beach nourishment
2. dynamic coastal management
3. tidal landscape gives extra sediment
4. allow coastal erosion

What is the dutch word for beach nourishment

Study source 29. How many weak points do we have in our dune landscape

1. 4
2. 6
3. 8
4. 10

What is NOT a problem in our water situation that you recognise on source 29

1. We have too much rainfall in summer
2. An increase of river flooding in the Meuse
3. The salty seawater enters the rivers
4. The groundwater is becoming more saline

relatieve                                                                                                                                                                          

zeespiegelstijging                                                                                                                                                                         

absolute                                                                                                                                                                                

zeespiegesltijging                                                                                                                                                                           

Source 28 shows:

1. That the Netherlands are sinking
2. That the sea level is rising
3. The influence of humans on our water situation
4. That the greenhouse effect causes a higher rise of the sea level

THE END

https://www.bd.nl/opinie/hoe-surfer-max-van-noorden-drie-jaar-na-deze-iconische-foto-de-echt-ongelijke-strijd-verloor~a65ef917/ 

What is a polder?

1. A piece of land surrounded by dykes where the water level is artificially regulated
2. A lower lying piece of land in the higher part of the NL
3. A piece of land around the Wadden islands that sometimes falls dry
4. Higher than its surroundings

To which part belongs the word subsidence?

1. Ijsselmeerpolder
2. Seapolder
3. Peatpolder
4. Reclaimed lakefloor

zeepolder

veenpolder

droogmakerij

het is de bekendste polder. het zijn meren of stukken zee die droog staan.

ze liggen in het westen van Nederland en zijn ontstaan doordat boeren de moerassen geschikt maakte voor de landbouw

Door sedimentatie van zand en klei wordt het land voor de kust in de Waddenzee en Zeeland steeds hoger, waarna het wordt omdijkt. Ligt ongeveer op zeeniveau

Sleep de begrippen op de juiste plaats!

Uiterwaard

Summer dyke

Winter dyke

Channel

Indyke area

outer dyke area

Bergen

Lozen

Vasthouden

Opslag in de geul

Bomen en planten 

Verwijderen obstakels in de rivier