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Spanish-American War

by Terra, Ally, Caleb, and Grayden

Objectives

By the end of this lesson you will be able to...

Identify, organize and relate the events leading up to, during and after the Spanish-American War

Apply your knowledge to create your own original work

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2

What do you already know about

the Spanish American War?

This is a mindmap

Contents

Spanish Imperialism

1

2

Spain & Cuban Conflict

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4

5

American Assistance

6

Conclusion of the War

Start of War

U.S. Intervention Incentives

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From the late 14th to late 19th centuries, Spain maintained control over several colonies, including Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam. Similar to Britain's command over the American colonies, Spain exhibited political authority, economic dominance, and cultural influence over these territories despite not physically bordering them. Tensions against Spain authorities rose as the Cuban population desired more autonomy over their island. 

Spanish Imperialism

Using what you know about Spanish control, which answer best describes imperialism?

This is a quiz

1. Extension of a country's power over other lands
2. Earning support from allies
3. Economic dependency
4. The exchange of resources

2

Tensions between Spain authorities and the Cuban population rose as Cuban's desired independence from colonel rule. This lead to the outbreak of two civil wars in which Cuban soldiers heavily relied on guerrilla warfare tactics to fight against the numerous, better equipped Spanish forces.

Spain & Cuban Conflict

Ten Years' War (1868-1878): Otherwise known as the Great War for Cuban Independence, the start of the Ten Years' War was marked by the speech "Grito de Yara" (Cry of Yara) issued by the Cuban nationalist Carlos Manual de Céspedes. However, the movement failed to achieve independence.

Cuban War of Independence (1895-1898): This rebellion was lead by José Martí, Antonio Maceo, and other Cuban nationalists. In attempt to control the uprising, Spanish General Valeriano Weyler implemented the reconcentration policy in Cuba. The policy forced many Cuban citizens into dense, unsafe camps that spread disease and starvation throughout the Cuban population.

Why did Cuba want independence from Spain?

This is a quiz

1. Political freedom
2. Economic freedom
3. Cultural freedom
4. All the above

Why do you think Spain authorities relocated Cuban citizens into reconcentration camps?

This is an open question

Ten Years' War (1868-1878)

U.S. Intervention Incentives

America's Paper: Major heads of news companies like Pulitzer and Hearst often wrote dramatized and false headlines in their works to increase sales. This was called yellow journalism. These stories brought attention to the Spanish-Cuban conflict, angering Americans with the poor conditions and mass deaths in Cuba.

U.S.S. Maine (Feb 15, 1898): The U.S.S. Maine was an American battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor, Cuba. Yellow journalist articles claimed the explosion was caused by Spain, which caused heightened tensions and outrage among American citizens.

Monroe Doctrine: Policy made in 1823 by President James Monroe declaring that European colonization of the Western Hemisphere was not tolerated by the US. This policy was seen as justification to intervene with the conflict in Cuba.

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What did yellow journalism prioritize?

This is a quiz

1. Positive news & empathy
2. Truth & honesty
3. Dramatization & sales
4. Critical insights & knowledge

Do you think the Monroe Doctrine mainly favors American interest? Why or why not?

This is an open question

Ten Years' War (1868-1878)

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Start of the Spanish-American War

The Spanish-American war started during the Cuban War of Independence when President William McKinley asked congress permission to intervene in the conflict to secure Cuban's independence. Congress then passed the Teller Amendment that said the U.S. would support Cuba's independence and not take the country under its own control. Spain declared war on America shortly after. 

Ten Years' War (1868-1878)

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American Assistance

America's aid and support made a significant impact on Cuba's fight for independence. America provided humanitarian aid, military assistance, and spread awareness about cause. 

The Rough Riders were a cavalry lead by Theodore Roosevelt that engaged in several critical battles including the Battle of San Juan Hill. The cavalry's role in the war contributed to the success of the movement. Other notable battles include the Battle of Manila Bay in the Philippines, the Siege of Santiago de Cuba, and the Battle of Santiago de Cuba.

Ten Years' War (1868-1878)

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Conclusion of the War (1898)

The end of the war was marked by the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898. This guaranteed the independence of Cuba and ceded Guam and Puerto Rico to the U.S. In addition to this, the United States gained the Philippines for $20 million. 

Why do you think America helped Cuba gain independence from Spain?

This is an open question

Drag the blue boxes to the corresponding red box

Cuban Independence Movement

Both

American Independence Movement

Gained freedom from European country

Achieved complete independence

Remains under colonel control

Ten Years' War (1868-1878)

On October 10, 1868, the speech "Grito de Yara" (Cry of Yara) was issued by the Cuban nationalist Carlos Manual de Céspedes, marking the start of the Ten Years' War, otherwise known as the Great War for Cuban Independence. This was the first major movement Cuba made against Spain in hope to gain independence.

Ten Years' War (1868-1878)

During the war, Cuban soldiers heavily relied on guerrilla warfare tactics to fight against the numerous, better equipped Spanish forces. Despite resulting in 1878 without achieving independence, Cuba gained international attention and paved the way for future attempts to gain freedom from Spanish colonel rule.

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Ten Years' War (1868-1878)

The Cuban War of Independence was Cuba's second major attempt to secure freedom from Spain. This rebellion was lead by Cuban nationalists including José Martí and Antonio Maceo. 

In attempt to control the uprising, Spanish General Valeriano Weyler implemented the reconcentration policy in Cuba. The policy forced many Cuban citizens into dense, unsafe camps that spread disease and starvation throughout the Cuban population. 

Cuban War of Independence (1895-1898)

3

Add a quiz question about your subject

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1. Answer 1
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How is Cuba's fight for independence similar to America's?

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Write down 1-3 things you 

 learned in this lesson

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Any other topics or questions you want to discuss?

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