04-10 Grammar review

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

Welcome!

•  What do you think is most difficult for the test?
• Login to the LessonUp with your laptop or phone.
  

Today

•  Time for questions, repeat grammar and study for the test
• Second hour: time to work on your poetry assignments

Any questions about what to learn for the test?

Grammar:

• Tenses: Simple present, Present continuous, Simple past (irregular verbs), Present perfect

• Questions and negative sentences: flowchart

• Interogative pronouns: who, what, whose, which, where?

Words and expressions of unit 1.1-1.5.

How to study?

Grammar:

• Make a summary in your own words/mindmap/flowchart
• Tenses: compare when to use and how to form, what are the differences and the similarities?
• Come up with your own example sentences.
  
• Do exercises on internet, or watch videos on Youtube about the grammar.
  
• Make grammar exercises for each other
  

How to study?

Vocabulary and expressions:

• Quizlet/wrts
• Write down sentences with the words/expressions
• Quiz each other
• Learn them the way they are presented in the book. Either Dutch-English or English-Dutch
  

What was most difficult? What do you need more explanation on?

Simple present

Present continuous

Simple past (irregular verbs)

Present Perfect

Questions and negative sentences

Interogative pronouns (vraagwoorden)

I don't need extra explanation

Simple Present

•  Just one verb. I walk, he/she/it walks
  
• When somethings happens all the time, regularly or never
• When it is a fact
• With verbs about senses (to see, to hear, to taste etc)
• With verbs about mental state (know, understand, believe) or preference (to like, to love, to prefer, to hate etc).
  
• Strict times: arrival, starting and end times, departure times
  

Present Continuous

• Present continuous: subject + form of to be + verb + in: I am walking
• Activity at the moment of speaking
• Plans or arrangements for the future
• Irritating or surprising habits with "always" and "constantly"
• He is always picking his nose.
  

Simple Past (irregular verbs)

• Past simple: When an activity started and ended in the past

• Yesterday, last week, this morning, in 1997
• Form: Verb + ed
  
• Learn the irregular verbs!
  
• Example: My parents lived in London in 2003.
  
• Example: Did your parents live in London in 2003? My parents didn't live in London in 2003

Present Perfect

• When something started in the past and is still going on
• When something happened in the past, but the result is still important
• Always, never, ever, (not) yet, already, just
• Form or "to have" (not had!) + past participle (volt. dlw)
• Example: I have always lived in the Netherlands.
  
• Example: Have you ever lived in a foreign country?
  

Questions and Negative Sentences

Present simple:

Step 1: Check for auxiliaries: to be, can, could, might, shall, must

• No auxiliaries in the sentence? Use a form of to do + verb

Example: I know her -> Do I know her? I don't know her.

• Is there an auxiliary?
• Questions: put the auxiliary at the beginning of the sentence.
• Negative sentences: Add the word "not" after the auxiliary
  

Example: You can speak French -> Can you speak French? I can't speak French

Questions and Negative Sentence

Present simple

• Watch out for the verb "to have"!

• When "to have" indicates an action -> use "to do"

Example: She has lunch at 1 p.m -> Does she have lunch at 1 p.m? She doesn't have lunch at 1 p.m.

• When "to have" indicates possession and the word "got" is not in the sentence use "to do": I have a cat - Do I have a cat - I do not have a cat.
  

• When "to have" is used as an auxiliary do not use "to do"

Example: She has left -> Has she left? She hasn't left.

Questions and Negative Sentences

Past Simple:

Step 1: Check for auxiliaries: To be, can, could, might, shall, must

• No auxiliaries? Use did + verb

Example: I went fast. Did I go fast? I didn't go fast.

• Auxiliary in the sentence?

• Questions: Put the auxiliary at the start of the sentence

• Negative sentence: Add not after the auxiliary

Example: She was at home/Was she at home?/She wasn't at home

Interogative Pronouns

• Who: About people: Who are you?

• Whose: About people's possession: Whose socks are these?

• Who(m): If there is no subject in the sentence: Who did you go out with? With whom did you go out?

• What: When things are not specified: What did she answer?

• What/Which:
  
• Use what with a large or infinite number: What series do you like?
  
• Use which for a choice from a limited number of items: Which do you prefer, soaps or documentaries?

Let's get to work

•  Study for the test
  

• Test yourself - learn words
  
• Come to me for extra explanation.
  
• www.English-hilfen.de extra grammar exercises
  

See you later!

•  Deadline Poetry assignment: 15 October