Ch. 3 The Romans vht2A + AT2A+GT2A

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vmbo t, havo
• Leerjaar 2

H3.1 Conquering a big empire

The Roman Empire (Imperium)

753 BC - 476 AD

Roman Empire

The Roman Empire began as the small city-state of Rome.

It was ruled by a king: Tarquinius Superbus.

In 509 BC, the king was overthrown due to his cruelty.

Monarchie

Monarch?

Republic

509 BC: Establishment of the Republic:

No king

Senate (Assembly of wise men from small, wealthy families) =

 Led by 2 Consuls

1 for the military

1 for politics

Consuls

• Elected by the people
  
• Led the assembly
• Allowed to propose laws
• Right of veto (The right to block a proposed law)
  

Tribunes of the plebs

(Volkstribunen)

Elected representatives of the common people (plebeians)

Had the power to protect the interests of the plebeians

Could propose laws

Had the right to veto decisions made by the Senate or consuls to protect the people’s rights

Growth Roman Empire

Cause 1:

Well-trained, well-paid Roman army. At the end of service: a piece of land as a reward.

Cause 2:

Conquered peoples were allowed to keep their own culture and religion.

Roman civil rights

• You could become a  ruler/official
• Right to a fair trial
• Right to vote

Julius Caesar

Title: Consul (General)

Due to a crisis in the country--> someone could be appointed as a crisis leader, known as a Dictator.

He had complete control.

Empire

27 AD: Establishment of the Empire

Caesar becomes the first emperor

Succession becomes hereditary

The emperor holds all power

Pax Romana: 100 years of Roman peace

Homework

CH. 3.1 

Pages 106 t/m 108, 

Complete ex. 3 to 13

Ch3.2 Life in the Roman Empire

Lesson goals

• You can explain what major economic change took place in the Roman countryside during the time of the Roman Republic.
• You can explain what consequences the changes in the Roman countryside had for the cities.
• You can give a description of slaves and women in Roman society.

Life on the countryside

Large landowners buy land from free farmers with war spoils. => they form a large social class in society => migrate to the city.

The large landowners (Nobiles): They were in the Senate and led the army.

Proletarians: Free farmers who no longer owned anything and were heavily dependent on the Nobiles.

Countryside

Causes of Growth:

1. Large landowners want more land.
2. Taking over territory from enemies.
3. Offense is the best defense.

Homework

Ch. 3.2 

Pages 109 to 113, 

Do: 3 to 13

Ch. 3.3 The Graeco-Roman culture

Lesson goals

• You can name some characteristics of Roman culture.
• You can explain how Greco-Roman culture spread and what consequences that had for Germanic culture.
• You can describe how the Roman Empire came to an end.

Taking over Greek culture

The Romans admired Greek culture.

They adopted the following:

Buildings (architecture)

Science (philosophy, mathematics)

Art (sculptures)

Religion (gods with different names)

= Graeco-Roman culture

Romanization

It literally means adopting Roman culture. (By the Germanic peoples)

Language: Latin

Religion: worshiping the same gods

Clothing: Toga

Limes

Defensive northern border with forts.

This is how the Romans tried to keep the Germanic tribes out.

Homework

Ch. 3.3 

Pages 114 t/m 120 

Do 3 t/m9 + 11/12

Wat moesten de overwonnen volkeren doen om hun eigen cultuur te behouden?

1. Hun eigen wetten behouden en geen keizer vereren
2. De Romeinse cultuur volledig overnemen
3. De Romeinse Keizer vereren en zich aan de Romeinse wetten houden
4. Samen met de Romeinen regeren

Wat betekent 'Romanisering'?

1. Het aanvallen van de Romeinse cultuur
2. Het verspreiden van de Romeinse cultuur
3. Het negeren van de Romeinse cultuur
4. Het overnemen van de Romeinse cultuur

Welke taal werd gesproken tijdens de Romanisering?

1. Spaans
2. Latijn
3. Engels
4. Grieks

Wat voor kleding werd gedragen tijdens de Romanisering?

1. Kilt
2. Hijab
3. Kimono
4. Toga

Welke aspecten van de Griekse cultuur namen de Romeinen over?

1. Muziek, literatuur, kleding, voedsel
2. Gebouwen, wetenschap, kunst, godsdienst

Wat kreeg je na 25 jaar diensttijd in het leger?

1. Een hoge militaire rang
2. Een Romeins paspoort
3. Een stuk grond en Romeins burgerrecht
4. Een grote som geld

Wat was het voordeel van het overnemen van de Romeinse cultuur?

1. Het krijgen van het Romeins burgerrecht
2. Het behouden van de eigen cultuur
3. Het volgen van de Romeinse wetten
4. Het vereren van de Romeinse Keizer