Compare Criminal Behaviour and Deviance

Compare Criminal Behaviour and Deviance
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Slide 1: Tekstslide

In deze les zitten 23 slides, met interactieve quizzen en tekstslides.

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Compare Criminal Behaviour and Deviance

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

How would you define criminal and deviant behaviour? Use examples if you can

Slide 3 - Open vraag

Question
What would you say society's attitude generally is towards:
- Smoking
- Tattoos 
- Excessive drinking 
- Drug use
Should they be crimes?

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Definitions

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

What is Criminal Behaviour
In the exam you may be asked to define criminal and / or deviant behaviour.


Criminal behaviour is quite complicated to define. There are different types of definitions which vary according to different societies and over time and place.

We will look at a social definition and a legal definition of crime.


Slide 6 - Tekstslide

Criminal Behaviour - Social Definition
Blackburn (1993) defines crimes as ‘acts attracting legal punishment […] offences against the community.’ Crimes have consequences that are injurious in some way to the community at large or one or more people within it.

Can you think of any examples

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Criminal Behaviour - Legal Definition
In England laws are democratically elected by Government. If these laws are broken, there are punishments. 

Generally, a person will only be found guilty if they had intention to commit the crime or knew the possibility of the outcome occurring. 

Actus reus- the physical act of the crime
Mens rea- the intention to commit the crime. Both must be proven for guilt.

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

Criminal Behaviour - Legal Definition
if actus reus and mens rea are present a person may not be guilty if they have a legal defence

e.g. insanity or self defence

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

Deviance - Definition
Behaviour that goes against social norms of a specific group or society, which causes some kind of disapproval

Slide 10 - Tekstslide

Deviance - Norms
Social expectations that guide behaviour
Norms can vary from culture to culture 

e.g. in UK we often wear black for funerals but in China they usually wear white

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

Deviance - Moral Codes
Morals/good ways of behaving

Breaking a moral code would be considered serious in society 

Can you think of an example of behaviour that would break your moral code?

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Deviance - Values
Rules shared by most people in a society 

What people feel should happen

More general guidelines than norms

e.g. most people feel we should respect the elderly

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

Deviance
Not all deviant behaviour is bad, although it may go against social norms

e.g. heroically risking your life to save someone elses

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Sanctions

Slide 15 - Tekstslide

What is a sanction?
A sanction is another term for punishment. There are two types:

- Formal sanction - 'official' punishments recognised and enforced by authorities e.g. imprisonment
- Informal sanction - 'unofficial' punishments enforced by social norms and expectations e.g. shaming

Slide 16 - Tekstslide

Criminal Behaviour- Formal Sanctions
Cautions
  • given by police for minor crimes like graffiti
  • you have to admit an offence and agree to be cautioned, otherwise you could be arrested for the offence
  • this is not a criminal conviction

Slide 17 - Tekstslide

Criminal Behaviour - Formal Sanctions
Penalty notices
- Given for offences such as shoplifting, possessing cannabis, or being drunk and disorderly in public
- You can only get a penalty notice if you are aged 18 or over

Slide 18 - Tekstslide

Criminal Behaviour - Formal Sanctions
Custodial Sentences
- Where a person is sentenced to serve time in a prison 
- Different types of custodial sentences. Length of time and conditions can differ
- This is based on severity of offence and legal guidelines

Slide 19 - Tekstslide

Criminal Behaviour - Formal Sanctions
Community Sentences
- Can include unpaid work, probation, curfew and orders such as drug testing or rehabilitation

Slide 20 - Tekstslide

Criminal Behaviour - Formal Sanctions
Fines
- Financial penalties
- Amount depends on seriousness of the offence and financial circumstances of the offender

Slide 21 - Tekstslide

Acts

Slide 22 - Tekstslide

Can you think of 5 behaviours that are deviant

Slide 23 - Open vraag