How did the Roman civilization change over time? (p. 64 - 65)

• Humanities
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

How did the Roman civilization change over time?

Goals:

At the end of this class you:

- understand how the Roman civilization changed over time

Roman civilization

How did the Roman civilization change over time?

Get your I&S book and go to page 64 - 65

How did the Roman civilization change over time?

There were three different ways the Roman civilization was ruled by:

1.  Monarchy
2. Republic
3. Empire 

Monarchy

A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication.

Republic

A republic (Latin: res publica, meaning "public affair") is a form of government in which the country is cruled by elected representatives. 

Empire

An empire is a sovereign state consisting of several territories and peoples subject to a single ruling authority, often an emperor.

How did the Roman civilization change over time?

The settlement of Rome was because of natural advantages:

• the river Tiber
• fertile land for farming
• elevated positiion for defence

Different kings ruled the city and surrounding area, untill 209 BC. 

The foundg myth of Rome is the story of Romulus and Remus. 

How did the Roman civilization change over time?

The Roman Republic was ruled by a senate, in which laws were passed or approved.

The senate was ordered by two consuls, who had the power to veto eachother.  

Society was divided into three classes:

1.  The patrician class, or aristocracy
2. The plebians: farmers, builders, craftsmen
3. The slaves, considered property of others

Aristocracy

Aristocracy is a form of government that places strength in the hands of a small, privileged ruling class, the aristocrats. The term derives from the Greek aristokratia, meaning 'rule of the best'

How did the Roman civilization change over time?

The Roman Empire replaced the republic, and emperors like Augustus expanded the empire.

During these times, the Romans built roads  throughout Europe for better trade and communication. 

Different buildings were being invented like the aqueduct, bathhouses, arch-bridges and  amphitheaters.

How did the Roman civilization change over time?

Military strength was a important feature of the Roman Empire: it was very organized and utilized new technology in their weapons.

However, the increasing size of the army made it difficult to control. The Roman Empire eventually split into two parts: Eastern (also Byzantine) and Western Roman Empire. 

The Western Empire declined and fell from power by Germanic invasions.

List three natural advantages of the city of Rome

Read the pink box on p. 65 about Romulus and Remus.

Why do you think there are a number of variations of the myth of the founding of Rome?

Give a definiton of the key word:

senate

List two things that consuls could do in the senate.

Give a definition of the key word:

patrician class

Give a definition of the key word:

the plebians

Give a definition of the key word:

Empire

Explain why Julius Caesar is not a real emperor.

List 2 consequences of the Roman construction of a road network throughout Europe.

Give a definition of the key word:

aqueduct

Give a definition of the key word:

amphitheatre

List two examples of the great military strength of the Roman civilization.

Explain how the Roman Empire split into two halves.