Recap Grammar Unit 3 & 4 (Y3)

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

In today's lesson:

Full recap of the grammar in Unit 3 & 4

Quizlet Live

Grammar Unit 3 & 4:

Would + Used to

(don’t) have to / ought to / should(n’t) / must

had (’d) better (not)

can(’t) / must(n’t)

Zero, First and second conditional (review)

Time conjunctions

wish and if only

Would + Used to

1 We use the expression used to + verb to talk about habits and customs in the past that are no longer true.

2 It is also possible to use would + verb to talk about habits and customs in the past.

3 The difference between used to and would is that we can only use would for repeated actions – we cannot use it for a permanent state or situation.

I ... go to school, but I graduated last year.

When I was a kid, I ... watch cartoons in the morning.

(don’t) have to / ought to / should(n’t) / must

1 We use have to to say ‘this is important or necessary’. We use must to say that we, or other people, have an obligation to do something.

2 We use don’t have to to say this is NOT important or necessary.

3 We use should or ought to to tell someone that

something is a good idea.

had (’d) better (not)

We use had / ’d better (not) to advise or warn people in strong terms. It is used to tell people about negative results in the future if they do / don’t do something.

The form is always past (had) and it is often shortened to ’d.

You .... not walk on that ice, it is too thin!

You ... go to that party, you are grounded!

can(’t) / must(n’t)

1 When we want to talk or ask about permission,

we often use the modal verb can / can’t.

2 To say what isn’t allowed, we use can’t or mustn’t.

Conditionals

Zero conditional: (scientific) facts, Present simple in the main and if clause 

'If you freeze water, it turns into ice.'

First conditional: real situations and their consequences. It consists of two clauses. The if + present simple clause introduces the possible situation or condition. The will / won’t clause gives the result or consequence.

'If you leave that door open, the cat will get out.'

Conditionals

Second conditional: hypothetical or very unlikely situations and their (imaginary) consequences. Two clauses. The if + past simple clause introduces the hypothetical situation. The would clause gives the imagined result or consequence.

'If I had a dog, I would call it Henk.' 

If I were a millionaire...

Snakes bite if ... (scared)

If you leave that door open...

Time conjunctions

We can join ideas about future actions or situations using words like: if, unless, until, when, as soon as

When we use these words, we use them with the present simple tense (not will / won’t) even though the clause refers to the future.

'She won’t be happy if you forget her birthday.'

Wish and if only

1 We use wish or if only + past simple to say that we would like a present situation to be different from what it actually is.

2 We use wish / if only + could to talk about wanting to have the ability or permission to do something.

3 If there is a situation we don’t like (for example, someone is doing or always does something that annoys us) we can use wish / if only + would(n’t).

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