Energy and energy balance

• Food Preparation and Nutrition
• Upper Secondary (Key Stage 4)
• GCSE

Energy, energy balance, DRVs, EARs, RIs, PAL, BMR

Lesson Objectives:​

To understand the functions of energy in the body​

To be able to list the main sources of energy in the diet​

To be able to identify the effects of a deficiency or an excess of energy in the diet​

To be able to identify the amount of energy needed every day for different life stages​

To know about DRV, EAR and PAL

From the specification

• show how an understanding of energy balance can be used to maintain a healthy body weight throughout life

Definition of DRVs

The estimated nutritional requirements of a healthy population. They only apply to healthy people and are guidelines only.

DRVs are reflected in the Eatwell guide and cover energy and all nutrients.

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PAL - physical activity level

The number of kilojoules the body used to fuel physical activity. In combination with the BMR, it can be used to work out the amount of food energy a person needs to consume in order to suit a particular lifestyle. Remember energy balance - energy in equals energy out.

BMR - basal (or basic) metabolic rate

The number of kilojoules the body uses to stay alive each day. This includes automatic activities such as breathing. It is determined by the amount of energy used each day based on sex, height, weight and level of activity.

Exam question

Explain two reasons why the body needs energy.    [4]

Explain why maintaining an individual's energy balance is important.                   [2]