Gerund and to infinitive vh3

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

GERUND CLASS 3

Gerund and To + infinitive

Lesson goals

• You know the difference between the gerund and to+infinitive.
• You can make correct sentences with the gerund and to+infinitive.

Examples - Gerund

• Eating fruit is really healthy. 
• I am sorry for using your phone. 
• She has to quit watching Netflix until 3am. 
• Playing football is my favourite thing to do. 

Use the -ing form in a sentence, but it can't be a verb!

GERUND

HELE WERKWOORD + ING

De GERUND is een werkwoord dat gebruikt wordt als een zelfstandig naamwoord.

VB: 
Smoking is bad for your health.

GERUND

• You use the gerund (werkwoord + ing)…
  
• …after certain verbs: enjoy, discuss, dislike, finish, keep, give up, go on, mind, avoid, fancy, finish, keep, quit, suggest.
•  We have to avoid being caught by the police.
  
• Do you mind watching that movie tonight?
  
• You need to quit bullying your little brother!

GERUND

…after prepositions: on, in, at, before, after, for, of, to, against, about, from, with, etc.

I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.

 We have always been against testing drugs on animals. 

GERUND

…as the subject (onderwerp) or object (lijdend/meewerkend voorwerp) of a sentence:

Watching ‘Modern Family’ is my guilty pleasure. (subject)

 She hates going to school. (object)

GERUND

…after certain phrases: can’t stand, it is no use, it is no good, can’t help

VB: 

I just can’t help falling in love with you.

It’s no use listening to this politician.

TO + INFINITIVE

• You use to + infinitive (to + hele werkwoord)…
  
• …after certain verbs: hope, ask, refuse, expect. 
• Example: 
• I hope to become a doctor.
  
•  We expect to be home before dark. 

TO + INFINITIVE

• You use to + infinitive (to + hele werkwoord)…
  
• …after certain verbs: agree, ask, decide, help, plan, hope, learn, want, would like, promise.
• Example: 
• I promised to help him tonight.
  
•  We decided to go home before the movie had ended. 

To + infinitive

• After the object of a sentence:
• I asked my sister to clean her room. 
• My mother wants my father to stop smoking. 
• I require my students to pay attention. 

TO + INFINITIVE

• …after many adjectives that you use to express an opinion: difficult, hard, awkward, etc
  
• Example: 
• It is very difficult to tackle this problem.
  
• Why is it so hard to speak French fluently?

Thank you for ... my room!

1. to clean
2. cleaning

I had to give up ... football because of an injury.

1. to play
2. playing

Gijs can't stand ... soap series. He hates them.

1. to watch
2. watching

Melle promised ... me with my homework. Such a sweet boy.

1. to help
2. helping

Why is it so difficult ... to what I've got to say?!

1. to listen
2. listening

... Feyenoord is one of the things Kay loves most.

1. to watch
2. watching

Don't give up! Just keep ... for your keys!

1. to look
2. looking

I have never been good at ... French.

1. to speak
2. speaking

They agreed ... to suitcases upstairs to help the old man.

1. to carry
2. carrying

I would like ... you to my birthday party.

1. to invite
2. inviting

Write a sentence using the GERUND

Write a sentence using TO+INFINITIVE

I understand how the gerund and
to + infinitive work an can make correct sentences with them.

1. Yes, totally.
2. Yes, but I like to exercise more to be sure.
3. No, please explain it again.

Now make

• In your workbook: exercise 29, page 55, exercise 30, page 57
• In your notebook/notepad: exercise 31, page 57. 

• Finished with the exercises in your work/notebook?
• Return to this Lessonup and do the exercises on the websites on the next pages. 

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