Pruiken en revoluties - Les 2

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• mavo
• Leerjaar 2

Planning

- Where did we left off last week?

- Paragraph 2.3: The French Revolution, part I

What do you remember from last week?

Who was the inventor of the 'Trias Politica'?

1. John Locke
2. Voltaire
3. Montesqieu
4. Diderot

2.3 Revolution in France: What happened?!

An empty treasury

Expensive wars led to immense debt for France.

In 1789 King Louis XVI summoned the Estates-General (Staten-Generaal) to find a way to pay off the debt via taxing the first and second estate. 

This was the first time since 1654 that the Estates-General had been summoned, so it was a big deal!

King Louis XVI of France

The French estate system

France had a estate system (klassen systeem): A system where the population is divided into estates with their own rights and duties.

First estate: Clergy  

Second estate: Nobility  

Third estate: rest of the people

Third estate were farmers or prominent citizens or labourers.

Privileges

First two estates had many privileges:

- Only nobleman could become army officers

- Did not had to pay taxes to the king 

Only the third estate had to pay taxes. Not only directly but also over the price of food, which made life very expensive

The Estates-General meet

1789: States-General comes together in Versailles.
Disagreement about the way of voting
Each estate had one vote. Does that sound fair to you?

The third estate declares themselves the National Assembly (Nationale Vergadering), they now represent the French people

Revolution

The National Assembly abolished all privileges of the 1st and 2nd estate. 

In september 1791 the constitution (grondwet) was completed

France became a constitutional monarchy (constitutionele monarchie)

>> What does this mean?

Work independently 

Reproduction:1, 3, 4, 5a,

Understanding:1, 2, 3, 4,

Apply: 7,