Henry VIII and his six wives HSX

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vmbo b
• Leerjaar 4

Henry VIII

1491-1547

After this lesson:

• You will have learnt about Henry VIII and his 6 wives.
• You will know why the Anglican Church was founded.

Henry the man 1/2

In his youth he was handsome and athletic. He was a man of action and enjoyed all kinds of sport: hunting, jousting, tennis, riding.  

He was also a musician, he played the flute, lute and organ.

Henry the man 2

He wrote poetry and was an avid reader. He owned over 1000 books.

He wrote an essay against the Protestant Martin Luther. Pope Leo X gave him the title 'Defender of the Faith' as a reward for that.

The British monarch still holds this title, albeit a different faith!

Henry VIII

He married 6 times and had 3 children:

• Mary (daughter of Catherine)
• Elizabeth (daughter of Anne)
• Edward (son of Jane)

Wives:

1. Catherine of Aragon

2. Anne Boleyn

3. Jane Seymour

4. Anne of Cleves

5. Catherine Howard

6. Catherine Parr

Henry VIII + Catherine of Aragon (1)

• 1502: The older brother of Henry VIII passes away --> Henry becomes the next in line for the throne.
• 1509: Henry marries at 17 with the widowed wife of his brother, Catherine of Aragon.


• Catherine can't give Henry a male heir to the throne. They were married for over 20 years and had one daughter, Mary. --> He looks for a mistress

Henry VIII + Anne Boleyn (2)

• Henry VIII wants Anne Boleyn as his Mistress. 
• Anne Boleyn doesn't want to be his mistress, but would want to become his wife.
• Henry VIII wants to divorce Catherine and wants to marry Anne.


• The pope doesn't give permission for the divorce.


• Consequence = The Anglican Church is formed. (next Slide)
• He then divorces Catherine.
• Anne gives Henry a daughter, Elizabeth I.

Anglican Church

Also: The Church of England

Henry broke the ties with the Pope and the Catholic Church. This was called 'The act of supremacy'.

Henry became the Supreme Head of the Church of England.

This title is still used by the Crown nowadays.

Anglican Church vs Catholic Church

The three biggest and unbridgeable differences are:

1) No mandatory celibacy in the Anglican Church.

2) Women could become Priest in the Anglican Church, and nowadays women can even become Bishop (2005).

3) The Monarch was head of the Anglican Church. (First under God).

Consequences

Because now the Catholic Church was no longer the official Church,  Henry dissolved all monasteries.

Everything of value was taken.

 

Henry VIII + Jane Seymour (3)

• Henry VIII starts an affair with Jane Seymour.


• A process is started to accuse Anne Boleyn of infidelity (cheating).


• Anne is found guilty and is beheaded.
• Henry VIII marries Jane Seymour a few Days after Anne's death.



• Jane gives Henry a son, Edward VI. Jane dies while giving birth

Henry VIII + Anne of Cleves (4)

• Henry VIII marries Anne in 1540 to form an alliance with Germany
• Henry VIII thought Anne was ugly and he didn't like her
• The marriage lasted only 7 months.
• Was annulled with the argument it was unconsummated.
• Henry gave her a generous settlement, and she was thereafter known as the King's Beloved Sister. She stayed in England.

Henry VIII + Catherine Howard (5)

• Catherine was young and beautiful
• They were married for 2 years (1540 - 1542)
• Henry liked having young and pretty women around him
• Catherine soon had lovers and was beheaded because of infidelity 

Henry VIII + Catherine Parr (6)

• Henry VIII and Catherine were married for 4 years (1543 - 1547)
• King Henry VIII was old and ill and needed someone to look after him
• Henry VIII died in January of 1547

Edward VI

• Henry VIII passes away

• His son takes the throne, but he dies at the age of 15
• Mary I, his daughter became Queen. Died without issue
• Elizabeth I becomes Queen. Dies without an heir.
• End of Tudor House.
• Successor: House of Stuart. Still to this day. Renamed House of Windsor in 1917.

Divorced, beheaded, died

Divorced, beheaded, survived

               Resumerend

Lesson goals were:

• You will have learnt about Henry VIII and his 6 wives.
• You will know why the Anglican Church was founded.

Did we achieve our goals?