1.3 The first World War

The first World War 
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Slide 1: Tekstslide
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In deze les zitten 38 slides, met interactieve quizzen, tekstslides en 7 videos.

Onderdelen in deze les

The first World War 

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Study the source.
What disadvantage of an alliance does this
source illustrate?

Slide 2 - Open vraag

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie Chotek, on their state visit to Sarajevo. The illustration was published in the French newspaper Le Petit Journal on July 12, 1914.

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

a German soldier accepts flowers from a woman in the street. The soldiers are cheerful. It's going to be a "Frische und Fröliche Krieg"


Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

general Alfred von Schlieffen

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

Slide 9 - Video

Slide 10 - Video

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

stalemate
  • The schlieffenplan failed.
  • the war turned into a stalemate
  • both sides dug trenches.
  • the war turned into a trench war....
  • ....for the next 4 years....
= when neither side can make a winning move

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Which statement is correct?
I. trenches are easier to defend then to conquer
II. a stalemate is a situation in which neither side can make a winning move
A
only I is correct
B
only II is correct
C
both are correct
D
both are wrong

Slide 15 - Quizvraag

The Schlieffenplan was devised mainly to



A
defend Germany
B
prevent a two-front war
C
conquer Russia
D
to win the war without the help of Austria-Hungary

Slide 16 - Quizvraag

Put the events in the correct chronological order
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.
The Triple Entente is formed.
The Schlieffen Plan failed.
Franco-Prussian War
The First World War turns into a trench war.
Franz Ferdinand is assassinated.

Slide 17 - Sleepvraag

Sandbags were filled with earth and mud, and were meant to protect the soldiers
At the beginning of the war, the rations were still reasonable, but as the war lasted longer, there was also less (good) food.
If the soldiers did not have to fight, they would, for example, play cards.
In addition to the enemy, the soldiers suffered a lot from pests, such as rats and fleas. Some soldiers passed the time between battles by killing rats.
Dogs not only kept the soldiers company, they also delivered messages between the various trenches.
Soldiers could often only sleep during the day, because at night it was a good time to spy on the trenches of the enemies.
With a periscope, the soldiers could view the enemy without taking great risks. A periscope works with mirrors.
Thousands of letters and diaries of soldiers from the First World War have been preserved. These are important and valuable resources nowadays.
For the safety of the soldiers, the trenches were zigzag-shaped.
40,000 km of trenches are being built between the North Sea and the Swiss border (Western Front).
The area between the trenches is completely plowed in four years. It's called "no man's land".
360˚ video of a trench
During the video you can look in all directions! Try it out!
Keeping watch was one of the most important tasks you could get. There were very severe punishments for falling asleep during the watch.
Besides fighting and keeping watch, there were plenty of other annoying chores in a trench, such as replenishing sandbags, repairing barbed wire or emptying the latrines (toilets)

Slide 18 - Tekstslide

Slide 19 - Video

Slide 20 - Tekstslide

Slide 21 - Tekstslide

Slide 22 - Tekstslide

Slide 23 - Video

The Germans used the largest piece of artillery during the war, called the Pariser Kanone. They used this supergun to attack Paris from a distance of 120 kilometres. Other big cannons were ‘Fat Bertha’ and ‘Langer Max.’ All made by Krupstahl .

Slide 24 - Tekstslide

Engelse WOI propaganda 

Slide 25 - Tekstslide

Total War 
The whole society is affected by war. 

This means that civilian properties could become a target. 

Slide 26 - Tekstslide

‘Over the top’


Slide 27 - Tekstslide

Discuss: What was this document about and how did it affect the course of the war?

Slide 28 - Tekstslide

Turning points  
1915/1917
Submarines would hit civilian targets in the Atlantic ocean 

Zimmerman telegram

Slide 29 - Tekstslide

America joins the war 
  • 100.000 American soldiers would arrive each month 

Slide 30 - Tekstslide



Direct cause:

  • Lenin, leader of the communists, seizes power in Russia during the October Revolution.

  • He signs an armistice (dec 1917) and negotiates a Peace Treaty with Germany. (Treaty of Brest-Litovsk)





Slide 31 - Tekstslide

Slide 32 - Tekstslide

End of the war 
  • Russia withdrew from the war in 1917 and signed a peace treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
  • Germany had no more soldiers to fight in the war.
  • The German generals knew they couldn't win the war. 
  • On 11 november 1918 an Armistice was signed (formal agreement) 

Slide 33 - Tekstslide

Slide 34 - Video

What are the 4 M.A.I.N. causes of the war?

Slide 35 - Open vraag

Look at the source.
Why is this source a good example of
the key word "total war"?

Answer: because the source shows:
A
that civilians also need to contribute to the war effort.
B
that women can do the same work as men
C
that the war will not end until the total defeat of the enemy
D
that the war is not only fought with weapons, but also with propaganda

Slide 36 - Quizvraag

Slide 37 - Video

Slide 38 - Video