Main question: what changed in Europe as a result of the Congress of Vienna?
You can explain what was decided at the Congress of Vienna.
You can explain, taking the Belgian Revolution as an example, that the Congress took no account of emerging nationalism.
You know the terms and dates of this section.
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Napoleon
1792-1802 French Revolutionary Wars
1803-1815 Napoleonic Wars
1799 Napoleon seizes power
Wanted to rule whole of Europe
Spread ideas of French Revolution
Conquered almost all of Europe
1812 Failed Russian campaign
1813 Defeated at Leipzig
1814 Abdicated and exiled to Elba
1815 Return, Battle of Waterloo and exiled to Saint Helena.
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Congress of Vienna
1814-15 Congress of Vienna
Assembly of several European countries in Vienna after the victory over Napoleon, where the future of Europe was discussed.
Countries surrounding France were strengthened (Netherlands, Prussia)
Restoration, return of power to ancient royal families who had ruled European countries before Napoleon.
Monarchs helped each other to fights revolutions.
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Nationalism in the Kingdom of the Netherlands
1815 Willem I of Oranje-Nassau became king
of the new United Kingdom of the Netherlands
Constisted of the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg.
Willem I wanted a united country with one language (Dutch) and one religion (Protestantism).
Different historical backgrounds ( Republic of Seven United Netherlands and Spanish/Austrian Netherlands)
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Nationalism in the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Belgians thought they had a separate identity and a culture of their own.
They also felt disadvantaged, because Willem I appointed Dutch citizens to important posts in government and army.
Nationalism = Great love of your own country people and culture.
Based on the idea that peoples belong to different nations. Nationalists think their people have the right to their own state.
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Nationalism in the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Causes of the Belgian Revolution (1830)
South was mainly Roman Catholic, North was mainly Protestant.
Taalbesluit (1823) Dutch became the official language of the administration.
Dutch received the important positions in the army and government.
Belgians paid most taxes.
Trigger or direct cause: Riots following an opera performance in Brussels.
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Nationalism in the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Belgians demanded their own country and a king of their own.
Willem I sent an army to suppress the revolution > failed.
Belgians declared their independence.
Willem I didn't accept this and sent a larger army. Tiendaagse Veldtocht (augustus 1831)
French intervention, makes the Dutch retreat.
Belgium becomes independent and Leopold I becomes the first Belgian king.
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Nationalism in the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Willem I expected the countries of the Congress of Vienna to help him out, but they were fully occupied putting down nationalist uprisings in their own countries.
Congress of Vienna had failed to take into account emerging nationalism.
In 1839 Willem I recognised Belgium and its independence.
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Get to work
What? See whiteboard.
How? Alone
Help? Ask neighbour. Can't figure it out? Ask teacher.