Auxiliaries

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

Auxiliaries 

By the end of the lesson, students will be able to correctly use common auxiliary verbs (can, must, may, will, shall, should, could, would, might) in sentences to express possibility, obligation, permission, and other meanings.

Can/could/be able to

Kunnen/in staat zijn

I can help her/I am able to help her

I could help her/I was able to help her

Andere tijden

I have/had been able to help her

I will be able to help her

Can/could

Mogelijk zijn

It can be cold there

It could rain this afternoon

Past: iets was mogelijk, maar is niet gebeurd

You could have phoned me

You could have known

What is the difference between forming a question with 'can' or with 'may'?

Be allowed/may/might

Mogen/misschien kunnen

Be allowed: toestemming hebben (kan in alle tijden)

I'm allowed to buy a bike

We were allowed to go hitchhiking

I had been allowed to borrow dad's car

Be allowed/may/might

May/might kunnen toestemming geven (formeel)

May I look around?

Might we leave our bags here?

Be allowed/may/might

May/might kunnen mogelijkheid aangeven. Bij might is er grotere twijfel dan bij may

What he says may be true

He might be at home

Past: iets was mogelijk maar is niet gebeurd

You might have fallen

What is the difference between 'may' and 'might'? E.g. 'He may/might come by later'?

Must/have (got) to/should

Noodzaak/bevel

Must kan alleen in de tegenwoordige tijd gebruikt worden, have to in alle

I must help her/I have to help her

I had to help her

I will have to help her etc.

Must/have (got) to/should

Let op: niet mogen = must not (een verbod)

You must not overtake here

Let op: niet hoeven = don't have to/needn't

You don't have to give me a reason if you don't want to

You needn't tell her. She already knows.

Must

Logische gevolgtrekking

You must be very ill

He must have forgotten

Should

Eigenlijk moeten:

You should worry less

Iets had moeten gebeuren, maar is niet gebeurd:

I should have written sooner

Let's practice

Fill in the correct auxiliary in each of the sentences

Remember to use the correct tense

You have been driving non-stop for hours. You ____ be very tired.

That was a bad place to go hiking. You ____ have broken your back.

You look really sick. Maybe you __ go to the doctor.

You __ smoke here. You __ put it out right now!

___ you help me with my homework this afternoon?

Do:

U4: Lesson 2:

- Vocabulary extra ex. 12-14 p.193 - 194

- Grammar Auxiliaries (moeten and willen) ex. 15 p. 194 RB p. 67 & 85 gr. 9 & 25