Volcanoes

Volcanoes

Introduction to Volcanoes

Volcanoes are ruptures in the planetary crust that release magma, ash, and gases.

What do you already know about volcanoes?

Etymology of 'volcano'

The term 'volcano' originates from the name of the Roman god of fire, Vulcan.

Plate Tectonics and Volcanic Activity

Plate tectonics theory explains the movement of Earth's plates and associated geological phenomena.

Types of Volcanic Plate Boundaries

Divergent boundaries create mid-ocean ridges and new crust, while convergent boundaries form volcanic arcs and trenches.

Volcanic Hotspots

Hotspots like the Hawaiian Islands are formed by upwelling mantle plumes.

Continental Rifting and Volcanism

Continental rifting can lead to large-scale volcanic activity and new plate boundaries.

Volcanic Features and Types

Volcanic features vary from shield volcanoes with gentle slopes to stratovolcanoes known for explosive eruptions.

Supervolcanoes and their Impacts

Supervolcanoes pose significant threats due to their large-scale eruptions.

Submarine and Subglacial Volcanoes

Submarine volcanoes form on the ocean floor and can become islands, while subglacial volcanoes develop under icecaps.

Mud Volcanoes

Mud volcanoes are formed by geo-excreted liquids and gases.

Definition List

Volcano, Plate Tectonics, Divergent Boundary, Convergent Boundary, Hotspot, Mantle Plume, Subduction, Lava Dome, Stratovolcano, Supervolcano, Submarine Volcano, Subglacial Volcano, Mud Volcano

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