6.3 + 6.4 group task

• History
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

3. The Time of Regents and Monarchs

6.3. Absolutism

Practise your skills

+ disaster hits the Republic

Write down the group members' names.
(first & last name)

1. Explain the connection between the keywords "absolutism" and "divine right of kings"

2. Explain that mercantilism is the opposite of commercial capitalism, used in the Dutch Republic

Source

Presentation of the cruelties committed by the French troops in the Dutch villages Bodegraven and Zwammerdam, at the end of December 1672. The inscription is carried in the air by personifications of the war and the French cruelty. Left to the burning village of Zwammerdam with the pickup bridge. In the foreground rapes, tortures and murder parties.

3a. Look at the source in detail. You can click to enlarge it.
Write down at least two cruelties you see in the source.

3b. What do you think is the goal of the source?
(in other words: what is the artist's message?)

source

Link to find out more about this painting and the brutal murder of the brothers de Witt.

https://historiek.net/schilderij-moord-gebroeders-de-witt-nog-gruwelijker/17980/

4a. Explain that the war against France was actually
an advantage for William III's position.

4b. Visit the website of the painting in the previous slide.
Write down what the painting is about and what is special about the way this event is painted.

6. The Time of Regents and Monarchs

6.4  Scientific Revolution

Practise your skills

1. Why did William of Orange found the University of Leiden?

source A

The anatomical theatre of Leiden was an institution used in teaching anatomy. It was built in 1596. Engraving by Willem Swanenburg (1610).

Museum Boerhaave, Leiden - Anatomical Theatre during radio recording

2a. What kind of source is Source A for someone studying the Scientific Revolution in the Netherlands?

1. primary written source
2. primary nonwritten source
3. secondary written source
4. secondary nonwritten source

2b. Look at source A.
What did students study in this theater?

source B

The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp is a 1632, oil painting on canvas by Rembrandt housed in the Mauritshuis museum in The Hague, the Netherlands. 

The painting is regarded as one of Rembrandt's early masterpieces.

In the work, Dr. Nicolaes Tulp is pictured explaining the musculature of the arm to medical professionals. Some of the spectators are various doctors who paid commissions to be included in the painting. The painting is signed in the top-left hand corner Rembrandt. f[ecit] 1632. This may be the first instance of Rembrandt signing a painting with his forename (in its original form) as opposed to the monogramme RHL (Rembrandt Harmenszoon of Leiden), and is thus a sign of his growing artistic confidence.

3a. Look at source B. Who made this painting?

3b. Look again at Source B.
The painting is a good example of:

1. rationalism
2. empirical thinking

4. Look at Source C. Do you think the British established the Royal Society because the French king Louis XIV had created the French Academy of Sciences? Explain your answer.

5. This is a prosthetic arm which is used for people who
have lost an arm; after surgery the prosthetic arm is
controlled by the human brain, just like a real arm.
Explain that this development is an effect of the
Scientific Revolution

6. Which of the words in the sequence below is the odd one out?
Explain your answer.

rationalism / absolutism / empirical thinking / scientific revolution

7. Why was the Scientific Revolution a "revolution"?

Start your answer by explaining the term revolution.

congratulations

congratulations