Les b1ft dinsdag 22-11-'22; Par 3.3 Ancient Democracy.

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• Middelbare school
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• Leerjaar 1

3.3 Ancient democracy

5th to 4th century BCE

Before the corrent era

Learning goals §3.3

• After todays clas:

1. The students are able to explain the difference between a democracy and a aristocracy
2. The students are able to explain who could and who coudn't vote in Ancient Athens.
3. The students are able to name the two main assemblies of Athens
4.  The students are able to explain what happens when an 'ostracism' takes place. 

Different systems of government

.

• A   system of government in witch a king or a queen has the highest power.
• One person has all power
• Based on heredity

Monarchy

Aristocracy

• 'system of government where the 'best' (aristos) or nobles were in charge'
• Nobles:
• A small group of people with the same kind of power or wealth as royalty.
• Aristocracy: small group of people are in charge

Democracy

• In the Netherlands we have a democracy 
• We chose politicians who represent our opinions. 

• demos (all citizen) & kratos (power or rule)

De Tweede Kamer controleert de regering (de Koning en ministers) door het goedkeuren of verwerpen van wetsvoorstellen. Daarnaast maakt de Tweede Kamer wetgeving samen met de regering en de Eerste Kamer.

The origin of democracies

• Democracy started in Ancient Athens.

• Elections->'aristocratic' 

• 'True democracy': drawing lots  

Everybody who wanted the job wrote their name on a piece of paper, who evers name was drawn had the job!

Really everyone.......? 

• Athenian democracy -> Athenian Citizenship​ 
• the state of being a member of a particular country and having rights because of it

Only adult male Athenian citizens who had completed their military training as ephebes had the right to vote in Athens. The percentage of the population that actually participated in the government was 10% to 20% of the total number of inhabitants,

No: 

• Females
• Children
• Slaves
• Foreigners

Assemblies: Ecclesia

• Pnyx hill.
• Highest power in Athens.
• At least 6000 citizens required.  
• Only for very important matters.

Assemblies: boule

• Everyday governing/ ordinary decision making.
• 500 citizens.
• Less important/ impactful decisions.

• Athenian men -> 'direct democracy'
• They could personally vote for their opinions.
• Dutch voters -> 'indirect democracy'
• They chose politicians to vote for them in parlement.

• Which democracy would be more democratic? 

Ostracism

• Just like 'Expeditie robinson' or 'Total Drama Island' the Athenians could ban somone by voting anonymously 
• 6000 votes were needed to ban someone 
• Usually men with (to much) political power were banned.
• 10+ years... 

Once a year, ancient Athenian citizens would nominate people they felt threatened democracy—because of political differences, dishonesty, or just general dislike. 

Spartan government

Study goal check:

1. What's the difference between an aristocracy and a democracy? 
2. Which kind of people were able to vote in ancient Athens?
3. There were two main assemblies in Athens, what are the names of these assemblies?  
4. What's an ostracism? 

Homework for next class (friday 24th)

Make exercices: 

4, 7, 8, 9