Usually, the repetion of the first consonant through a sequence of words.
Example:
'While I nodded, nearly napping'
Edgar Allen Poe - 'The Raven'
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Antagonist
The opposing force, character or non-human that opposes or is in conflict with the protagonist.
Example:
Heinrich
How to Stop Time - Matt Haig
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Assonance
The repetition of vowel sounds in a sequence of words with different endings.
Example:
'His tender heir might bear his memory'
Shakespeare - 'Sonnet 1'
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Couplet
Two lines of verse linked by rhyme (and meter)
Example:
Pity the world, or else this glutton be,
To eat the world’s due, by the grave and thee.
Shakespeare - 'Sonnet 1'
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Graphic Novel
A book containing a long story told mostly in pictures but with some writing.
It differs from a comic in that it contains serious literary themes and sophisticated artwork.
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Iambic pentameter
A metrical form in which most lines consist of five 'iambs', a unit of rhythm (a 'foot') in poetry, consisting of two syllables. The first one is unstressed, the second one stressed.
One day / I wrote / her name/ upon / the strand
but came / the waves / and wash / ed it / away
Again / I wrote / it with / a se /cond hand
But came / the tide / and made / my pains / his prey
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Irony
A situation or statement characterised by a significant difference between what is expected or is understood and what actually happens or is meant.
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Metaphor
A figure of speech in which two unlike things are compared implicitly, without the use of as or like.
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Motif
A recurring device, formula or situation within a literary work, often used to draw attention to a particular aspect of that work.
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Protagonist
The main character in a work
Example:
Tom Stoppard in Matt Haig's How to Stop Time
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Rhyme
repetition of the terminal sounds of a word
end rhyme: last words of two or more sentences rhyme
internal rhyme: a word within a line rhymes with another word in the same or following line.
eye rhyme: the words don't rhyme actually but they look like they do.
slant rhyme/near rhyme: only the final consonant sounds rhyme but the vowels do not or vice versa.
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Setting
The time and place of the action in a fictional work.
Example:
A remote mountain village, long ago
'The Elephant in the Village of the Blind' - anon.
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Short story
A relatively short work of prose fiction, approx. 500 to 10,000 words, that, according to Edgar Allan Poe, can be read in a single sitting of two hours or less. The short story works to create a single effect.
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Simile
A figure of speech that involves a direct explicit comparison of one thing to another.
'My love is like a red, red rose'
Robert Burns
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Sonnet
A fixed verse form consisting of fourteen lines, usuallin in iambic pentameter.
English sonnet: four quatrains (= 4 lines) and a couplet (=2 lines)
Italian sonnet: octave (= 8 lines) and a sestet (6 lines).
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Tone
The attitude a literary work takes toward its subject, especially in the way that the language is used when discussing this subject.
