Modal verbs uitleg

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Modal verbs

Leerdoelen

• Je weet wat een 'modal verb' is en je kunt er enkele voorbeelden van noemen
• Je weet wanneer je elk 'modal verb' gebruikt en kunt ze correct in een zin toepassen

Modal verbs = hulpwerkwoord

‘Helpen’ een ander werkwoord

Komen dus nooit alleen voor, alleen in combinatie met een heel werkwoord

Modal verb + hele werkwoord

can / could / have to / must / might / should / may

= kunnen / mogen / moeten

Modal verbs - Kunnen

Er zijn drie betekenissen van 'kunnen':

(1) Kunnen / vaardigheid (bv. lopen, zingen, slapen) = can / could

Can = alleen in present (I can sing quite well)

Could = alleen in past (I could lift 100kg when I was younger)

(2) Kunnen / omstandigheden (bv. op tijd komen, huiswerk maken) = 

to be able to

I am not able to make it in time, I'm very busy.

Modal verbs - Kunnen

(3) Kunnen / zou mogelijk zijn (bv. het kan regenen, dat kan waar zijn) 

= can / could / might

Can = kunnen (It can be cold there) 

Could = zou kunnen (That could be him)

May = zou misschien kunnen (That may be possible)

Might = (heel) misschien kunnen (He might be at home)

Modal verbs - Mogen

Mogen (toestemming hebben) = might / can / could

Can = informeel (Can I stay here a little bit longer? / Dad says I can stay late)

Could = formeel (Could I have more food? / Dad said I could stay until 11 p.m)

May = formeel (May I borrow your pen?)

Might = formeel (Might we stay here?)

'To be allowed to' kan ook = Are we allowed to eat in this classroom?

Moeten = 

must / have to / should

• Must = moet van jezelf / logische gevolgtrekking

(I must exercise more / This must be the answer)

• Have to = moet van buitenaf (noodzaak, it's necessary)

(The teacher says that we have to do our homework)

• Don't have to = hoeft niet (You don't have to go to school tomorrow)
• Should = zou eigenlijk moeten / advies
  

(You should worry less)

There ________ not be a lot of violence in children movies

1. Can
2. Should
3. Have to
4. Might

To make a good movie, you ____________ think about which shots to use. This is absolutely necessary.

1. Can
2. Should
3. Have to
4. Might

This __________ be a good idea actually.

1. can
2. should
3. have to
4. might

Carol ….. pay for her lunch.

1. don't have to
2. mustn't
3. doesn't has to
4. doesn't have to

According to this year's schoolrules, we ….. put our phones in our lockers.

1. must
2. should
3. have to
4. don't have to

.... you see those letters?

1. Can
2. Could

Vraag beleefd:
..... you repeat that please?

1. Could
2. Can

What do we use when we want to say "kunnen"?
I ________ sing very beautifully.

1. can
2. could

Fill in the gap:
She _______ play the piano very well when she was young.

1. can
2. can't
3. could

Fill in the gap:
I am sick. I _______ come to your party, sorry.

1. can
2. can't
3. could
4. am not able to

What do we use when we want to be polite (beleefd)?
_________ you tell me the way please?

1. Can
2. Could

Fill in the gap:
Hello madame, _________ you tell me where the toilets are?

1. can
2. can't
3. could

Fill in the gap:
_____ you help me with my bags please? 2 answers

1. can
2. can't
3. could

Fill in the gap:
It's very loud in here, I ______ hear you!

1. can
2. can't
3. could
4. am not able to

Fill in the gap:
My dog _______ do some really cool tricks!

1. can
2. can't
3. could

What does the modal verb say?

I must post this letter.

1. zekerheid
2. verplichting
3. mogelijkheid
4. toestemming

What does the modal verb say?

John may leave the classroom.

1. zekerheid
2. verplichting
3. mogelijkheid
4. toestemming

... I ask you a question sir?
2 answers

1. may
2. might
3. am I allowed to

When I was six I ..... already swim.

1. can
2. could
3. was able to

I ..... help you if you want me to

1. can
2. could
3. was able to

He .... break bricks with his bare hands when he was younger

1. can
2. could
3. was able to
4. is able to

The school rules say you .... keep your phone in your bag.

1. have to
2. must
3. should
4. ought to

In my opinion, you .... always ask permission before taking a photo.

1. have to
2. must
3. should
4. ought to

You .... listen to your mother! It's very important.

1. should
2. have to
3. must
4. ought to

You ..... brush your teeth twice per day. Every dentist recommends it.

1. should
2. have to
3. must

In the past you .... have lost your hand for stealing.

1. may
2. might
3. were allowed to