Grammar 79 plurals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

Plural forms

Lesson Goals

At the end of the lesson:

• I know how to form regular singular and plural  nouns.
• I know the common irregular plural nouns.
• I know which plural nouns I still have to work on.

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How do you turn a singular noun into a plural noun?

1. add s
2. add 's
3. add en
4. just say 2 noun

General Rule 1:

 + s at the end.

one book  - > many  books

a shop - > 5 shops 

What's the correct plural of bus?

1. buss
2. busses
3. buses
4. bus's

General Rule 2

 words ending with –s, –ss, –sh, –ch, –x, or –z,  + es

bus – buses

glass – glasses

marsh – marshes

lunch – lunches

tax – taxes

blitz – blitzes

What's the correct plural of tomato?

1. tomatos
2. tomato's
3. tomatoes
4. tomatoos

Rule 3

If the singular noun ends in –o, add –es .

potato – potatoes

tomato – tomatoes

veto - vetoes

hero - heroes 

echo - echoes

buffalo - buffaloes

mosquito/torpedo/domino

 Exceptions

photo – photos

piano – pianos

halo – halos

volcano - volcanoes/volcanos

both are correct

What's the correct plural of hobby?

1. hobbies
2. hobby's
3. hobbys
4. hobbees

Rule 4 

A noun ends in –y  and the letter before the –y is a consonant (medeklinker), change "y" to –ies.

city – cities

puppy – puppies

baby - babies

lady - ladies

country - countries

The noun ends in –y and the letter before the –y is a vowel (klinker), simply add an –s.

ray – rays

boy – boys

roof – roofs

belief – beliefs

chef – chefs

What's the correct plural of knife?

1. knifs
2. knifes
3. knife's
4. knives

Rule 5

A noun ends with –f or –fe, the f or –fe are often changed to –ve, + s 

wife – wives

wolf – wolves

loaf - loaves

shelf - shelves

thief - thieves

leaf - leaves

life - lives

calf - calves

knife - knives

proof - proofs

chef - chefs

What's the correct plural of woman?

1. womans
2. women

6: Irregular noun(learn them by heart)

child – children

goose – geese

man – men

woman – women / man - men

tooth – teeth

foot – feet

mouse – mice

person- persons/people

1 sheep, 2 ...

1. sheeps
2. sheepes
3. sheep
4. sheep's

7: Same form singular & Plural

sheep – sheep

series – series

species – species

deer – deer

aircraft - aircraft
 

Exception:

fish - fish( most common, same species of fish/ fishes )

fish - fishes( less common, different species of fish, especially in scientific contexts.

1 child, 2 ...

1. childs
2. children
3. childeren
4. childrens

What's the plural of fish? ( Common Cases)

1. fishs
2. fishes
3. fish
4. fish's

Translate: Je moet zijn adviezen niet negeren.

Dutch singular, English plural

Watching a series

glasses - bril

pants - ondergoed

stairs - trap

binoculars - verrekijker

jeans - spijkerbroek

outskirts -  buitenwijk

police -politie

shorts -korte broek

trousers -broek

series -serie

scissors -schaar

pyjamas -pyjama

savings -spaargeld

Hoe vertaal je broek? ( more than 1 choice)

1. trouser
2. trousers
3. pair of trousers

Hoe vertaal je brillen? (plural)

1. pair of glasses
2. pairs of glasses
3. glass

I have one _______.

1. pair of glass
2. pairs of glass
3. pair of glasses
4. pairs of glasses

Zijn bril is al stuk. (translate this sentence to English)

1. His glass is already broken.
2. His glasses are already broken.
3. His glass are already broken.

Deze schaar die hij heeft gekocht was niet zo makkelijk te gebruiken. (translate)

1. The scissor he bought was not so easy to use.
2. The scissors he bought was not so easy to use.
3. Those scissors he bought were not so easy to use.

Toms broek heeft een gat aan de rechterkant.( pick the right translation)

1. Tom's jeans have a hole on the right side.
2. Tom's jeans has a hole on the right side.
3. Toms jeans have a hole on the right side.
4. Toms jeans has a hole on the right side.

Choose the right words:
You mean ____(this/these) pants? I am sure he loves____(it/them).

1. this ; it
2. this; them
3. these; them
4. these; it

____(that/those)stairs____(is/are) really steap. Let's climb ___( it/them) right now

1. that; is ; it
2. that ; are; them
3. those; are; it
4. those; are; them

Henry has five _______.

1. pair of glass
2. pair of glasses
3. pairs of glass
4. pairs of glasses

Dominoes ___ a game which we used to play when we were five years old.

1. is
2. are

Mathematics ___the best subject in school, I love it!

1. are
2. is

Politics __ so interesting, especially in the United States of America!

1. are
2. is

Some _______do not like sushi.

1. japaneses
2. japanese

Choose the correct translation:
Ik ben 14 jaar

1. I am 14 year old
2. I am 14 years old.

I know how to construct the regular plural nouns

1. I still have a lot to learn
2. I'm getting there....
3. I'm almost a pro at the regular plural nouns
4. I'm a PRO at the irregular plural nouns.

I know the common irregular plural nouns

1. I still have to learn a lot!
2. I'm getting there....
3. I'm alsmost a pro at the irregular plural nouns.
4. I am a PRO at the irregular plural nouns