2.3 Greek Culture -TEACH-

• History
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

AGE 2. The Time of Greeks and Romans

2.3 Greek Culture

First make a note in your notebook.

• Lesson 2.3: Greek culture.

• Culture is the opposite of nature. 
• Culture is everything people do, create, invent and think about.

• In the broad sense of the word culture also includes language, politics, technology and economics, because this is al "human activities".

• But most of the time culture is used in connection with arts, music, architecture and literature. So, also in this lesson.

Culture

Take a look at the headings of lesson 2.3 in the the text slides.

Every heading tells you something about Greek culture. 

Which 6 (!) cultural subjects does this lesson teach you about?

science

climate

sports

entertainment

landscape

architecture

stories

religion

Every country has its own culture. What is typical for these country's culture?

• A Greek myth is a magical story involving Greek gods,   monsters and heroes.
• The stories are made up but: they have a "life lesson" (be brave, respect the gods, etc.)
• They may be based on a true event (for example: the Trojan   War)
• Until 800 BC these myths were passed on by oral tradition.   Later, they were written down.

Greek Mythology

Theseus and the Minotaur

ATHENS

Aegeus: king

Theseus: the king's son

KNOSSOS

Minos: king

Pasiphae: queen

Ariadne: the king's daughter

Daedalos: clever guy

MAIN CHARACTERS

First make a note in your notebook.

• Legacy: 
• Often it means something handed down from an ancestor.
• A country or a civilisation can leave a legacy, such as an idea that will be remembered or used for a long time.

• Example of a Greek legacy: The Olympics

Zeus

Hera

Apollo

Hades

Poseidon

Ares

Athena

Hephaistos

The Greek gods.  Make the correct connections. You need to find information on internet.

God of the sea

God of war

king of the gods

goddess of wisdom

god of music + the sun

goddess 

of matrimony

god of metallurgy and fire

god of the under

world 

spear and shield

thunder

bolt

trident

sun

anvil

peacock

owl

three headed dog

A. __________kept the temple upright.

B. __________, band of sculpture along the temple. Used to show stories and  honour the gods.

C. ___________, the triangular at the  

top of the temple.

D. ___________ with  steps so that people could get up on the plateau.

3. Read "Greek architecture". You must also use internet to find informormation to do this task.

 First: drag the four words (left) to their correct place in the text (right).

The green boxes with letters A, B, C, D represent the text lines A, B, C, D in the yellow box.

Second: drag the green boxes to the correct Roman numerals I, II, III, IV. 

A

B

C

D

Frieze

Pillars

Plateau

Tympanum

4. Read "Greek theatricals".

What two types of theatre plays did the Ancient Greeks have?

1. comedies and mythology
2. dramas and tragedies
3. comedies and horror
4. comedies and tragedies

5. Study the source. It is a panoramic view of the
theatre of Epidaurus. This sources shows that:

1. both comedies and tragedies were performed here
2. Greek architects used a mountain site for a theatre.
3. visitors could not see the stage very well if they were seated in the middle rows.
4. actors had to speak up otherwise they would not be heard.

comedies

tragedies

Then

Now

6. Today these two genres are still used, but the meaning has changed a little over time. Make the correct combinatons.

plays that make people laugh

plays about people and the gods

plays that ridicule politics or philosophy

 plays that tell a sad story

7. The fact that Athenian citizens could disagree with
philosophers shows that:

1. citizens of Athens were not highly educated.
2. philosophers were seen as people who did not contribute to the polis.
3. there were great divisions between the Greeks in the poleis.
4. Athenian citizens could form their own opinion on subjects that mattered to them.

8. Read "Living with the gods".

a.

What were the gods like, according to the Greeks?

8b.
How much of Greek life was influenced by the gods, according to them?

1. they only interfered in wars, like the Trojan War
2. the gods influenced every part of daily life
3. the gods did not influence daily life at all
4. how much the gods influenced daily life depended on the offerings

8c.
If someone was pretty, what did this mean according to the Greeks?

1. If you were pretty, it showed the gods liked you.
2. If you were pretty, it showed the gods were jealous of you.
3. If you were pretty, it showed you liked the gods
4. If you were pretty, it showed the gods were in a good mood.

9. The Greeks believed that gods were powerful beings. They could interact with you without you knowing it. Do you think it was important for the Greeks to honour their gods? Explain your answer.

name

year

achievement

10. Read Scholars and scientists.

Put the right name, the time they lived and what they accomplished underneath the right pictures.

Relation in triangles

Aristotle

275-194 BC

Pythagoras

Discovered buoyancy

Archimedes

287-212 BC

Eratosthenes

Modern logic

c. 530 BC

Calculated circum-ference  Earth

384-322 BC

11. Which Greek scholars thought about maths and medicine?

1. Archimedes and Pythagoras
2. Eratosthenes and Pythagoras
3. Hippocrates and Euripides
4. Pythagoras and Hippocrates

00:00

What information did Eratosthenes already have before he began his experiment? (3 things)

What did Eratosthenes use to make his calculation of the earth's circumference?

1. a lot of books
2. a stick and his brain
3. an early type of calculator
4. witness accounts from travellers

Write down what you still find difficult in this lesson.

congratulations

primary sources

secondary sources

In this lessons you have seen many illustrations, or "sources" about the Ancient Greeks.

Which sources are primary sources and which ones are secondary sources?

2.3.2

2.3.3

2.3.4

2.3.5

2.3.6

2.3.7

2.3.8

2.3.9

2.3.10

2.3.11

2.3.12

2.3.13

Look at the source.
Liam and Sasha are both working on a history project. Liam's project is about
Julius Caesar's army. Sasha's project is about 19th century painting.
Both students want to use this source. But they disagree on
whether it is a primary or secondary source. Liam says it's a secondary source
while Sasha says it's a primary source. Who is right? Explain your answer.

Painting titled: "Vercingetorix before Caesar", made by Lionel Royer in 1899. It depicts the surrender of the Gallic chieftain Vercingetorix to Julius Caesar in 52 BC. Vercingetorix, on his horse, throws down his weapons at the feet of Julius Caesar (in a red cloak). 

www.greekmyths-greekmythology.com