Roman Empire and romanisation

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Welcome!

go to: lessonup.app on your phone and enter the pin

Use your own first name.

Today's plan

1. dud-casino

2. Video 'Roman Republic'

3. The Roman Empire

4. Questions about the new learned material

5. Homework assignments

6. Conclusion 

Lesson objectives

• At the end of this lesson you can explain why Caesar was stabbed by the Senate.
• At the end of this lesson you can explain what Romanisation is.

Write 1 thing you remember from last lesson

Julius Caesar assassinated!

• Julius Caesar became more powerful. After he became a dictator to stop the civil war, he started to increase his power in Rome... but not for long!
• On the 15th of March in 44 BC, all senators stabbed him to death. 
• But who was going to follow up the great Caesar? 

Julius Caesar assassinated!

• Julius Caesar became more powerful. After he became a dictator to stop the civil war, he started to increase his power in Rome... but not for long!
• On the 15th of March in 44 BC, all senators stabbed him to death. 
• But who was going to follow up the great Caesar? 

Octavian takes revenge

44 BC.

• Julius' adopted son, Octavian, took revenge!
• One by one he eliminated his enemies. 
• Even his former companion Marc Anthony and his lover Cleoparta.

Octavian did not become king but was happy with a few titles:

• he became high priest of jupiter (so no one was allowed to hurt him).
• he became the peoples tribune (which gave him the right to veto any law)
• he became consul (so he could command the army)
• he became princeps senatus (so he had the right to speak first in the senate)

Imperator Caesar Augustus

27 BC - 14 AD.

In 27 BC, Octavian crowned himself "Augustus" (the honoured one)

He became Rome's first emperor. In his own words he was a "Caesar", this later became the name for a emperor in other languages. 

The Roman Empire

(27 BC -  476 AD)

• Rome was an empire for about 5 centuries. 
• In that time about 80 emperors ruled Rome.
• Around  476 AD the Western part of the Roman Empire fell.

After Augustus came to power, was Rome in reality a republic or a monarchy? Explain your answer!

What was Augustus' real name?

1. Julius
2. Caesar
3. Octavian
4. Marius

Who was Augustus' famous uncle?

1. Hannibal
2. Romulus
3. Caesar
4. Gaius Marius

What's a princeps senatus?

1. The prince of the Senate
2. The leader of the Senate
3. The person who had to right to speak first in the Senate
4. None of the above

What is happening here?

1. Babies are fighting as gladiators as a kid game
2. There are real babies fighting in the colliseum
3. A gladiator battle using actual dwarves
4. this is meant to be fun, and comical.

Greco-Roman Culture

• The Romans conquered (veroverden) the Greeks in 160 bc
• The Romans really respected the Greeks and started copying things from them
• For example: most Roman gods are copies of Greek gods with a different name
• The mix of Roman and Greek culture is know as Greco-Roman Culture

Roman Gods

Greek Gods

Poseidon

Zeus

Ares

Aphrodite

Mars

Venus

Jupiter

Neputunus

Romanisation

As we know the Romans conquered a large empire

They took their Greco-Roman culture with them

This is why we still have latin words in our language and see lots of buildings in Roman style

Can you write down 2 words in dutch that have Latin Roots? (hint: they often end in -um)

Copying

People all over the empire start copying the Romans

People in France, Hungary and Syria all start to:

-dress like romans

-speak Latin

-use bathhouses

-build roman style temples

The proce of local people becoming more and more like Romans is called: Romanisation

Is this an example of Romanisation?

1. Yes
2. No

Is this an example of Romanisation? (this picture is taken in Bath, England)

1. Yes
2. No

Why did people Romanise?

The Romans didn't force people to Romanise, they mostly did it of their own free will, mainly because:

• It helped with trade if you spoke Latin.
• The Roman army often gave soldiers land all over the empire, this meant that Romans mixed with locals a lot
• And most importantly, if you were Romanised enough you got civil rights

Civil rights

Dutch: burgerrechten

People in Rome who had civil rights could 

• get a job in the government
• pay less taxes
• profit from the roman legal system (romeinse wetten)

For the Romans this meant that conquered people could become their friends instead of enemies.

Finish the following sentences:
Greco-Roman culture is..
Romanisation is...
Civil rights are.....