5.4 The nervous system part 2

Bs 4: The nervous system part 2
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Bs 4: The nervous system part 2

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Planning for today
  • Look back at last class 

  • Bs 4: The nervous system part 2

  • Homework

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Learning goals

  • You can describe the structure and functions of the nervous system,
  • You can describe the structure of nerve cells and nerves.
  • You can describe a reflex arc.

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Senses of humans

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Summary:
Stimuli

Impuls 


Touch
Light
Sound
Taste
smell

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

The nervous system
The nervous system is made up of:
  • the central nervous system 
--> Brain + spinal cord

  • the nerves.  
the nerves connect the central nervous system to all parts of the body.

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

How the nervous system works
  1.  The sensory cells in the senses organ makes an impulse. 
  2. Impulses travel through the nerves to the brain. 
  3. Brain processes the impulses.
  4. Brain makes new impulses.
  5. Impulses travel through nerves to the salivary glands and arm muscles. 
  6. Salivary glads start making saliva and muscles contract to pick up chocolate.

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

Nerve cells
The nervous system contains millions of nerve cells. 
Each nerve cell consists of a cell body and its protrusions (uitsteeksels) 

  • Axons conduct the impulses. There are axons that conduct impulses to the cell body, away from the cell body and to other cells

Axon
Dendrites

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

Nerves
Impulses are passed via thousands of axons at the same time.
The axons are bundled together in a nerve (zenuw) 
Each axon in a nerve is surrounded by a thin layer. This layer insulates the axons from each other.
A nerve has a tough protective layer around it.

Slide 10 - Tekstslide

The nerves connect the central nervous system to all parts of the body.

Impulses are passed to the brain through nerves in the spinal cord. The spinal cord starts at the brain and ends in the lumbar vertebrae in the lower back. 
Spinal cord
Vertebra
Nerve

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

Path taken my impulses
Nerves can be very long, sometimes as much as a metre.
When reacting to stimuli, impulses can travel through the nervous system in various ways.

  • In a conscious reaction, impulses first go from your senses to your brain.
  • In a reflex,a fixed, fast and involuntary reaction to a certain stimulus In a reflex. The impulses do not go through your brain

The spinal cord and the brain have interneurons. These are nerve cells that conduct impulses within the central nervous system, from one nerve cell to another.

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Homework
Read 5.4         (10 min silence)
Make exercise: 1,2, 3 ab,c, 5 and 6

Done:
Make summary B4

Slide 13 - Tekstslide