Aboriginals and grammar 18

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Grammar 18 and Aboriginals

Aboriginal origins

AMY TOENSING: THE ABORIGINAL HOMELAND

In 2017, a genetic study of the genomes of 111 Aboriginal Australians found that today’s Aboriginal Australians are all related to a common ancestor who was a member of a distinct population that emerged on the mainland about 50,000 years ago. Humans are thought to have migrated to Northern Australia from Asia using primitive boats. A current theory holds that those early migrants themselves came out of Africa about 70,000 years ago, which would make Aboriginal Australians the oldest population of humans living outside Africa.

                                                                     source: National Geographic

Answer the following questions in English while listening and watching the documentary

1. What is meant by "Dream time"?
2. What do they use their songs for?
3. What is their religious instrument?
4. What happens in their dreams?
5. What can be seen in the pictures they drew in caves and on rocks?

answers:

1. the beginning of time, when everything was created
2. All these songs  together compose the map of Australia( mountains/ paths/ the courses of rivers) It's a living map which describes  their territory.
3. didgeridoo.
4. In their dreams they receive messages from their ancestors.
5. The paintings depict their way of life and their beliefs, the animals they hunt, sacred paintings of the dreamtime.

steppingstones.digitaal.noordhoff.nl

We don't use a reflexive pronoun (myself etc) with the following verbs:

• wash  (except when you want to emphasize who does the action):                                                                                                            She's old enough to dress herself
• shave
• dress

We don't use a reciprocal pronoun ( each other..) with the following verbs:

• meet
• marry
• kiss, cuddle, embrace 

---> Because these verbs do already implicate that two persons are involved.

Now start on your weektask

Start off by doing:

 exercises 26, 27 

British settlement

When British settlers began colonizing Australia in 1788, between 750,000 and 1.25 Aboriginal Australians are estimated to have lived there. Soon, epidemics ravaged the island’s indigenous people, and British settlers seized Aboriginal lands.

Though some Aboriginal Australians did resist—up to 20,000 indigenous people died in violent conflict on the colony’s frontiers—most were subjugated by massacres and the impoverishment of their communities as British settlers seized their lands.

The Stolen Generations

Between 1910 and 1970, government policies of assimilation led to between 10 and 33 percent of Aboriginal Australian children being forcibly removed from their homes. These “Stolen Generations” were put in adoptive families and institutions and forbidden from speaking their native languages. Their names were often changed.

In 2008, Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd issued a national apology for the country’s actions toward Aboriginal Australians of the Stolen Generations; since then, Australia has worked to reduce social disparities between Aboriginal Australians and non-indigenous Australians.

Only in 1967 did Australians vote that federal laws also would apply to Aboriginal Australians. Most Aboriginal Australians did not have full citizenship or voting rights until 1965.