5.2 knights, castles and manors

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• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

5,2 Knights, castles and manors 

Today's goals:

• Explain how the manor system worked
  
• Describe the relationship between a lord and his serfs

1. Clovis

2. Charlemagne

3. King

4. Feudal lord

5. Vassal

6. Knight

7. Pledge fealty

8. Fief

A. Ruled much of Europe

B. Lost a lot of power after 814

C. Started collaborating with the church

D. Had to swear loyalty to his feudal lord

E. swear loyalty

F. rewarded his men with land

G. Fighter with his own horse

H. the land a lord lent to a vassal

Feudalism and the Manor system

Live after the fall of Rome

Borders faded -> people were left without protection.

No protection resulted in the disappearance of money and trade

Cities empty

Many people left the city to work on the countryside as farmers (they became peasants)

They worked for lords who could protect them. 

These lords would build an army

There was  a need for elite warriors. That is where knights stepped in

5,2 Knights, castles and manors 

Today's goals:

• Explain how the manor system worked
  
• Describe the relationship between a lord and his serfs

A Manor (een domein)

Castle= fortified buidling where nobles live

lord of the Manor

1. Ruled the land.
2. peasants worked for him and payed taxes.
3. in return he protected them. 
4. He was also judge.

Serfdom

A serf was a farmer that was no longer free.

• give part of produce (rent) to lord
• corvée labour= work serfs had to perform for the lord free of charge
• couldn't leave the manor without permission
• couldn't marry without the lord's permission

Feudal system

Tekst

The bottom layer of this piramid takes place on a domain. 

What kind of professions do we see here?

People on a domain made everything themselves. 

They made their own cloths out of wool.

All foods were home grown and made.

Tools were made by the blacksmith. 

So people on a domain were.....

(read 5.2 in silence and close your book as soon as you find the correct word) 

Grab your notebook....

manor house

The place where the lord lived and from where he ruled the village. 

Many times the manor was fortified by walls. Sometimes the manor was built on top of a small hill and surrounded by a palissade. 

The manor farm consisted of the manor (= fortified farmhouse / castle) + some land with orchards, farming fields and work places around it. 

mill

The mill was where people grounded wheat and grain. 

It was owned by the lord.

Serf peasants could use the mill to grind their grain, but of course they had to pay the lord for this. The payment was not money, but a percentage of the produce of the peasant.

farm

The houses the peasants (= farmers) lived in were not as nice as the manor house. They were thatched roofed

The palissade surrounds the manor farm. If the domain is attacked the peasants can find shelter within the walls of the manor farm.

Peasants worked on farm land for the lord in exchange for protection and land.

church

The church is where holy events took place (weddings, sermons, funerals). The church is also where the sick would be taken care of.

Sometimes the lord used this place to speak justice. He could hand out punishments to criminals.

A Shepard worked with the livestock in the fields. This would help produce food and cloth for the village

orchard

the manor's orchard. 

servile duties

This meant that serfs needed to work for the lord two or three days a week. They worked the lord's fields, or built and repaired his palissade.

The Manor

A. where the lord lives

B. Domain: where the peasants live

Time to work:

• read 5,2
• summarize 5.2
• make the exercises of 5.2

6.

Kings

Lords

vassals

hall

gifts

decisions

protection