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3.4 organising digestion
Welcome everyone
Think about...
Take off your coat, hat/cap off.
Mobile in the phone bag (on silent).
Book (laptop) + notebook, pen on the table. Bag on the floor.
Sit in your own place.
You can eat and drink in the canteen.
5 minutes.
timer
5:00
1 / 40
volgende
Slide 1:
Tekstslide
Biologie
Middelbare school
havo, vwo
Leerjaar 2
In deze les zitten
40 slides
, met
interactieve quizzen
,
tekstslides
en
1 video
.
Lesduur is:
30 min
Start les
Bewaar
Deel
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Onderdelen in deze les
Welcome everyone
Think about...
Take off your coat, hat/cap off.
Mobile in the phone bag (on silent).
Book (laptop) + notebook, pen on the table. Bag on the floor.
Sit in your own place.
You can eat and drink in the canteen.
5 minutes.
timer
5:00
Slide 1 - Tekstslide
schedule
Repetition 10 min.
Explanation 3.4 10 min.
Doing a exercise 15 min
Closing 5 min.
Slide 2 - Tekstslide
What do you remember?
What are the nutreints you have to know?
Why do we need nutrients?
What is digestion?
What are de different stages of food prcessing?
What are enzymes?
Can you name three enzymes with functions?
Slide 3 - Tekstslide
The 7 nutrients we need
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
Water
Vitamins
Minerals
Fibres
Slide 4 - Tekstslide
What do we need nutrients for?
Growth and repair
Energy
To stay healthy
Slide 5 - Tekstslide
What is digestion
Digestion:
Breakdown of food molecules into small food molecules
When food is digested it is absorbed
Slide 6 - Tekstslide
FASES OF DIGESTION:
INGESTION
CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL DIGESTION
ABSORPTION
Elemination
Slide 7 - Tekstslide
Big vs. Small
Big molecules
-> Insoluble can not get through the gut wall
Small molecules
-> Soluble can get through the gut wall
Slide 8 - Tekstslide
CHEMICAL DIGESTION:
BREAKING THE FOOD INTO EVEN SMALLER MOLECULES.
USING
ENZYMES
TO BREAK DOWN THE FOOD MOLECULES.
Slide 9 - Tekstslide
Slide 10 - Tekstslide
enzymes
substrate is broken down
Slide 11 - Tekstslide
Why chew?
Digestive juices need to digest nutrients
Chewing makes the surface area
bigger
Slide 12 - Tekstslide
Why chew?
Chewing creates a bigger surface area.
bigger surface area = more surface where digestive juices can do their job =
more and quicker digestion
surface area of 6 cm2
surface area of 1,5 cm2
together 12 cm2
Slide 13 - Tekstslide
Learning goals
What are the organs of digestion?
what is the function of those organs?
What is peristaltis?
What is Emulsification?
Slide 14 - Tekstslide
How does our body process the food?
INGESTION
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
CHEMICAL DIGESTION
ABSORPTION
Elemination
Slide 15 - Tekstslide
Peristaltic movements
Contractions of muscles
esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
sphincters (kringspieren) contract behind a bolus of food
moves food through the digestive tract
Slide 16 - Tekstslide
The digestive organs
liver - creates bile
gall bladder - stores bile
duodenum - bile and enzymes from pancreas added
appendix - immunological defense
esophagus - transports food to stomach
stomach - protein digestion, stomach
pancreas - creates digestive enzymes
small intestine - digests and absorbs nutrients
large intestine - absorbs water and location of microbiome
rectum - stores faecal matter
anus - exit hole
Slide 17 - Tekstslide
BILE
PRODUCED by the lover
STORED in the gall blatter
contains emulsifying agents (bile salts)
contains waste products (bilirubin)
transporters via a tube to the duodenum
Slide 18 - Tekstslide
EMULSIFICATION
by bile salts
devides larger globules of fat into smaller ones
increasing surface area for enzyme lipase from pancreas
Slide 19 - Tekstslide
ABSORPTION
Once digestion is complete
second half small intestine
water mainly absorbed in large intestine (colon)
Slide 20 - Tekstslide
Exercise
Draw the organs of the digestive system
Label the parts
Add the functions
you can use your book page 76
Slide 21 - Tekstslide
Learning goals achieved?
What are the organs of digestion?
what is the function of those organs?
What is peristaltis?
What is Emulsification?
Slide 22 - Tekstslide
INGESTION:
MOVING THE FOOD INTO YOUR MOUTH
Slide 23 - Tekstslide
INGESTION:
MOVING THE FOOD INTO YOUR MOUTH
Slide 24 - Tekstslide
MECHANICAL DIGESTION:
BREAKING THE FOOD INTO SMALLER PIECES.
THIS IS DONE BY YOUR TEETH
BITING AND CHEWING
Slide 25 - Tekstslide
Chemical digestion Step 1
starts in: the mouth
the enzyme: amylase (a carbohydrase)
the liquid: saliva
the nutrient: carbohydrates
the products: glucose
The enzymes in your saliva start breaking down the carbohydrate molecules into glucose.
Slide 26 - Tekstslide
Down the tube!
Oesophagus
Peristalsis: moving food down your oesaphagus (gullet)
Slide 27 - Tekstslide
Why is your stomach rumbling?
-peristalsis, muscle activity
- mechanical digestion
-Empty stomach and intestines make a louder sound!
Slide 28 - Tekstslide
In your stomach
Digestive juices are added
Proteases
-> digestion proteins -> amino acids
Hydrochloric acid
-> acid PH, best for the enzymes + acidic environment also kills germs
Rennin
(only babies) makes milk solid, stays in the stomach longer
Slide 29 - Tekstslide
small intestine
Slide 30 - Tekstslide
In your small intestine
2 important liquids added in the first part (the duodenum)
Pancreatic juice
(carbohydrases, proteases and lipases)
Bile
from the liver, stored in the gall bladder
Bile is alkaline neutralises acid from the stomach
Bile emulsifies fats, increases surface area of fats lipase enzymes to act upon
Slide 31 - Tekstslide
In your small intestine
Intestinal juice
(carbohydrases, proteases, lipases) Complete digestion of food, made by the wall of the small intestine
Slide 32 - Tekstslide
Work
Read pages 76-79
Make excercises
Slide 33 - Tekstslide
Slide 34 - Video
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
heart
large intestine
small intestine
stomach
lung
liver
brain
kidney
Slide 35 - Sleepvraag
Fases of digestion. Put them in the right order.
1
2
3
4
digestion
ingestion
absorption
egestion
Slide 36 - Sleepvraag
Ingestion
Mechanical digestion
Chemical digestion
MOVING THE FOOD INTO YOUR MOUTH
BREAKING THE FOOD INTO SMALLER PIECES.
THIS IS DONE BY YOUR TEETH
BREAKING THE FOOD INTO EVEN SMALLER PIECES.
USING ENZYMES TO BREAK DOWN THE FOOD MOLECULES.
Slide 37 - Sleepvraag
Amylase is an example of a
A
Carbohydrase
B
Lipase
C
Protease
Slide 38 - Quizvraag
During the break down of proteins you get:
A
glucose
B
amino acids
C
fatty acids
Slide 39 - Quizvraag
The environment of the stomach is
A
Acidic
B
Alkaline
Slide 40 - Quizvraag
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