V5B_week 38_vocab/grammar/writing skills

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vmbo lwoo, havo
• Leerjaar 4

Today's class

You will ...

• Review grammar units 3 & 4 (past simple; past continuous; present perfect)
• Briefly work on new grammar units 5 & 6 (present perfect continuous; past simple vs past perfect)
• Quiz your irregular verbs
• Use your words in progress units 5-8 to write a brief composition using words in progress - units 5-8

Friday:

• Words in Progress Units 5/6/7/8  finished/word list created/studied ; Quiz
• To Autumn - questions to poem answered (Alquin Magazine)

HW Next Wednesday:

Grammar Units 5 & 6

Writing exercise

Write a short composition (10-15 sentences) 

on healthcare in the Netherlands.

Use the following words:

1. under the weather
2. disease
3. prescribe
4. alleviate
5. GP
6. referred (to)
7. surgeon
8. diagnose
9. treatment
10. recover

Past Simple 

Regular = verb + ED

Irregular = 2nd form

Question = did + verb/1st form (Did you ring you last night?)

Negative sentence = didn't + verb/1st form (He didn't ring me)

Use: for actions that are finished, in the past

• When = important AND mentioned
• Action is finished

Signal words:

when, then, ago, last week/night/year etc.

in 2019, during the Middle Ages etc.

Past Continuous

was/were + verb + ing

was= he/she/it; were= I/you/we/they

Question = Was/were + subject + verb + ing (Were they eating?)

Negative = wasn't/weren't + verb + ing (They weren't eating.)

Use: to talk about something going on for a longer period of time in the past:

• Two longer actions going on simultaneously in the past

(She was watching TV while he was doing the dishes.)

• One longer action already going on and interrupted by the shorter action (=past simple)

(I was walking home when you called me.)

• Descriptive use: The sun was shining and the birds were chirping: it was a lovely day!

Signal words: while, when

Past Simple 

Regular = verb + ED

Irregular = 2nd form

Question = did + verb/1st form (Did you ring you last night?)

Negative sentence = didn't + verb/1st form (He didn't ring me)

Use: for actions that are finished, in the past

• When = important AND mentioned
• Action is finished

Signal words:

when, then, ago, last week/night/year etc.

in 2019, during the Middle Ages etc.

Present Perfect

has/have + 3rd form (participle)

has = he/she/it; have = I/you/we/they

Question = has/have + 3rd form (Have you ever eaten snails?)

Negative = hasn't/haven't + 3rd form (I have never eaten them.)

Use: to talk about result, experience, how long sth. has been going on (not finished), recent actions

• When = NOT important 
• Focus is on result/experience
• Action started in the past AND 

is still going on / OR has only just finished

Signal words:

never, ever, always, so far, since, for, just,

yet, up to now, recently, 

Present Perfect

has/have + 3rd form (participle)

has = he/she/it; have = I/you/we/they

Question = has/have + 3rd form (Have you ever eaten snails?)

Negative = hasn't/haven't + 3rd form (I have never eaten them.)

Use: to talk about result, experience, how long sth. has been going on (not finished), recent actions

When = NOT important 

Focus is on result/experience

Action started in the past AND 

is still going on / OR has only just finished

Signal words:

never, ever, always, so far, since, for, just,

yet, up to now, recently, 

Present Perfect Continuous

has/have been + verb + ing

Use:

To emphasize duration/effect of an activity

(They have been drinking all night, and look at the state of them!)

To emphasize repetition, sometimes irritation

(What on earth have you been doing all morning?)

Past Simple 

Regular = verb + ED

Irregular = 2nd form

Question = did + verb/1st form (Did you ring you last night?)

Negative sentence = didn't + verb/1st form (He didn't ring me)

Use: for actions that are finished, in the past

• When = important AND mentioned
• Action is finished

Signal words:

when, then, ago, last week/night/year etc.

in 2019, during the Middle Ages etc.

Past Perfect

Had+ 3rd form (participle)

Question = had + 3rd form (Had you ever eaten snails before you met him?)

Negative = No, I hadn't

Use: 

to talk about an earlier event in the past

An action took place before another action in the past

Signal words:

before, after

Indirect speech

John: "I wanted to eat pizza tonight, but never mind now."

Indirect = John said that he had wanted to eat pizza

Direct speech: past simple -> Indirect speech: past perfect

Irregular verbs 

-> https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/irregular-verbs

(sometimes 2 verbs are given: use the one before the comma)

The Environment/climate - solutions

Use the following words to suggest solutions to help the environment.  Talk to a classmate for 2 min. 

1. Carbon footprint (to reduce our...)
2. Harvests
3. Windfarms
4. Biodegradable detergents
5. Street litter
6. Recycling
7. Organic material
8. Natural habitat (restore natural habitats of ...)
9. Marine life (Reduce the plastic soup in the ocean to preserve marine life)
10. Sustainable development
11. Protect/increase biodiversity

Speaking activity II

WATCH a video on Boyan Slat & TAKE NOTES!

Talk in pairs about Boyan Slat and his initiative to clean up the ocean: what does he do, why, how.

Use words such as:

pollution of the ocean

plastic waste

microplastics

saving the species in the ocean

future generations

Irregular verbs

Example: 

To forget / forgot / forgotten

1e vorm = To forget = Infinitive (hele ww)

2e vorm = Forgot = Past Simple 

3e vorm = Forgotten = Past Participle (voltooid deelwoord)  

(e.g. has never forgotten/ had forgotten)

Present  Simple 

he/she/it -> verb + S;

 I/you/we/they -> verb

Question = does + verb 1st form/infinitive (he, she, it); 

do + verb first form/infinitive (I, you, we, they)

Negative sentence = don't + verb; doesn't + verb

Use: 

• General facts (NOT right now or duration) (She loves poetry)
• Things that happen repeatedly (Each Tuesday we swim in the lake)
• Time conjunctions (Before he leaves, he will call you)

Signal words:

always, sometimes, often, frequently

Time conjunctions: 

before, after, until etc.

Present Continuous

he/she/it -> is + verb + ing

I -> am + verb + ing

we/they/you -> are + verb + ing

Question= is/am/are + personal pronoun + verb + ing 

(Are you calling him?)

Negative = isn't/am not/aren't  + verb + ing

Use:

• Happening right now (and for a certain limited period)
• Is happening in the near future (in your agenda)
• Irritation

Signal words:

always (irritation); right now, look, listen, at the moment, currently, at present

next week/this afternoon/tonight = near future

Present  Simple 

Verbs relating to senses or feelings are called static verbs as they describe a state of being. These verbs are only used in the present simple:

hear

see

smell

taste

feel

like

love

hate

seem

appear

understand

etc.

https:

www.ego4u.com

Asking questions

who/whose (=wiens, van wie)/ which/when/why/how = interrogative pronouns

which = choice between a limited number (often 2)

what -> what time is it? = hoe laat is het?

Asking questions in the present simple, past simple, present perfect:

• Do + 1st form/hele ww -> present simple (I, you, we, they)
• Does + 1st form/hele ww -> present simple (he/she/it = shit rule)
• Did + 1st form -> past simple (all personal pronouns = I, you, he, she etc.)
• Has + 3rd form -> present perfect (he/she/it)
• Have + 3rd form -> present perfect (I/you/we/they)

Table of English tenses

Werkwoord tijden in Engels in de volgende slide/weblink

Progressive = Continuous,  bijv. Present Progressive = Present Continuous

Simple Past/Past Simple is hetzelfde