7. Part II chapter I, II

• Engels
• Upper Secondary (Key Stage 4)
• GCSE

Goals for today 

Consider further the extract from Part II

Orwell's diction choices and intentions in Part II, chapter II 

Write about your findings 

Each group will be given a topic.

Develop Orwell's message on this topic in part 1 

Sex​

Love​

Politics​

Control​

Rebellion​

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Why is the girl from the Fiction Department not given a name?​

On the topic your group have been given, combine your reactions to how that theme is evidenced in Part I ​

​Represent your ideas as a mind map

You need to make notes on…​

Key quotations​

Key events​

Winston's reaction and opinions on this topic 

Writers Intentions​

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opportune, opine, opaque, obfuscate, obtuse,  opulent, obsequious

1. The politician used complicated language to __________ the real issue and avoid answering the question directly.
   
2. The guests were amazed by the __________ ballroom, which was decorated with crystal chandeliers and gold-leaf mirrors.
   
3. During the class discussion, students were asked to __________ on whether the critic's assessment of Mansfield was fair.
   
4. The new employee was so __________ toward the manager that some colleagues questioned whether his compliments were sincere.
   
5. Despite reading the article twice, I found some of the author's arguments rather __________ and difficult to understand.
   
6. The detective's partner was talented but occasionally __________, missing clues that seemed obvious to everyone else.
   
7. The rain stopped at an __________ moment, allowing the outdoor ceremony to begin right on time.
   

1. The politician used complicated language to obfuscate the real issue and avoid answering the question directly.
   
2. The guests were amazed by the opulent ballroom, which was decorated with crystal chandeliers and gold-leaf mirrors.
   
3. During the class discussion, students were asked to opine on whether the critic's assessment of Mansfield was fair.
   
4. The new employee was so obsequious toward the manager that some colleagues questioned whether his compliments were sincere.
   
5. Despite reading the article twice, I found some of the author's arguments rather opaque and difficult to understand.
   
6. The detective's partner was talented but occasionally obtuse, missing clues that seemed obvious to everyone else.
   
7. The rain stopped at an opportune moment, allowing the outdoor ceremony to begin right on time.
   

AWL

Read along to this extract from Part II chapter I   pg. 111 - 113 

Answer these questions in your exercise book 

1. What is the purpose of this extract?​
   
2. What techniques are used to convey the purpose(s)?
3. ​How does Winston react?​
   
4. ​What problems or concerns does this extract give the reader?​
5. How is this chapter similar or different to chapter 1 part I

Free indirect discourse

What points of similarity does it have with Part One Chapter One?​

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What differences does it have?​

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How realistic (within the world of 1984) do you find the events?

Consider part II chapter I and answer these questions in your exercise book

• Beginning of the end for Winston and Julia​
  
• A decisive moment in the narrative when events become the driving force rather than reflections​
  
• It does not begin with the diary – rather than reflection and remembrance, the novel now picks up pace and is about action​
  
• Part One is there to set the scene, Part Two is there to move the story forward. 
  

What is the importance of part II chapter I:

1. How is time used in this extract to build tension ? Can you find any quotes? 

2. Do you notice any sections that could be free indirect discourse?

Time 

Goals for today 

Revisit the concepts in this novel 

Consider further an extract from Part II

Orwell's diction choices and intentions in Part II, chapter II 

Write about your findings 

Concepts HL language and literature Nineteen Eighty-Four

Concepts explored in the novel:  

Control, Rebellion, love, politics, sex 

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Winston - add information Part II

Inside: Winston’s physical characteristics and personality traits   

Outside: significant points relating to his physical surroundings or environment, as well as any relationships he has formed​

and his attitudes to significant aspects of his world​.

short quotes and page numbers from the extracts presented. 

What reactions do we have to Winston and Julia’s emerging relationship?​

What does Orwell want us to think or feel about this turn of events?​

Consider the distinctions between love and sex. Fill out a form like this in your exercise book.

Love is ...	Sex is ...
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AWL list 2 

On the left of the extract 

On the right of the extract 

On the left of the extract for each paragraph write your understanding of the content. What is happening? What idea or concept is being highlighted? What is the function of this paragraph? 

On the right of the extract highlight diction choices, literary, stylistic and syntactical choices. 

Link the purpose to the authorial choices. 

Linguistic investigation. Looking closely at diction. 

Find in your text these linguistic techniques and examples which link to the following headings…​

• ​Sexual or sensual language​ 
  
• ​Emotional language​
  
• ​Nature imagery 
  
• ​Jarring or unexpected language​
  
• Stylistic and literary devices 

Nature diction 

• "dappled light and shade"

• "pools of gold"

• "bluebells"

• "heart of the wood"

• "ring-doves"

• "bushes"

• "flowers"

• "leaves"

• "May sunshine"

• "grassy knoll"

• "saplings"

• The imagery appeals to multiple senses: visual ("pools of gold"), auditory ("droning of ring-doves"), olfactory ("faint sickly scent"), and tactile ("The air seemed to kiss one's skin"). 
  
• The setting is fertile, vibrant, and uncontaminated this sharply contrasting with the urban world Winston usually inhabits.
  
• Nature and Spring become symbols of freedom from Party control. There are "no telescreens" in this environment, making it a temporary space of privacy and rebellion. 
  

sexual/sensual   diction 

• "The air seemed to kiss one's skin."

• Winston picks flowers to offer the girl.

• "A hand fell lightly on his shoulder."

• The description of her "strong slender body."

• The "curve of her hips."

• The secluded "natural clearing" hidden within the woods

• The language creates anticipation before the lovers meet. The woodland setting resembles a traditional romantic retreat, separated from social rules and surveillance. The imagery of touching, kissing, curves, flowers, and fertility links desire to the natural world. (Golden Country)
  
• The clearing in the woods can also be read symbolically as a private, intimate space where Winston and the girl can express impulses forbidden by the Party. Nature therefore becomes associated with both love and resistance. (Sex as a political act)
  

Unusual diction ETIOLATED

Etiolated: definition 

(adj) a plant growing pale, weak, and elongated due to a lack of light. In a formal or literary sense, it can also describe a person or thing that is feeble, drained of energy, or lacking vigor.

• Winston has been deprived of a natural life.&nbsp;<div>• The Party has cut him off from healthy human growth.&nbsp;</div><div>• Nature exposes how damaged and unnatural his existence has become</div>

Why this metaphor? 

What does it suggest about Winston's existence? 

Symbolism 

What could these objects or ideas symbolise in the context? 

• Bluebells 

• Flowers 

• The wood 

• Springtime 

Juxtaposition and contrast 

Nature 

sunshine 

flowers 

birdsong 

freedom 

growth 

Party controlled society 

• surveillance 
  
• Patrols 
  
• microphones 
  
•  control 
• repression 

Write a response to this question 

How does Orwell construct the opening of Part II chapter II to explore the concepts of refuge and desire and highlight Winston's increasing resistance to Big Brother's control? 

Put your paragraph in homework dropbox.

Purpose Winston and Julia in Part II, chapter II

• Allowed to understand Winston’s feelings through free indirect discourse once more​.
  
• Natural imagery becomes a symbol for his own feelings and emotional state. 
  
• Normally description relies on simile but in the presence of Julia Winston’s feelings are intensified and Orwell employs metaphor with increasing regularity – ‘pools of gold’ and ‘misty with bluebells’​
  
• Significant contrast with the previous chapter and links to the ‘Golden Country’ of Winston’s dreams​
  
• Realism is injected with Winston’s temporary impotence. Could this  imply distrust in the relationship?​
  
• Julia is only able to explain her attraction as reading his face and knowing his rebellion. Is it as easy for the Thought Police too? Desire is unexplained, and her access to real chocolate begins to be questioned by the reader. Do we trust Julia? 
  

What are Orwell's intentions?

• Julia is more important to show us Winston’s development as a character than as a figure in her own right​. 
  
• Links to the proles, only seen through Winston’s eyes and not allowed to be a developed idea or a possible overthrow of the system. 
  
• Act of tearing off her sash reduces Julia to a symbolic figure, reflecting Winston’s view of life – his rebellion is not actually to do with love but with seeing sex as a political act and a means of undermining the party​
  
• Irony – by using sex as rebellion and not actually for love, Winston is in fact following party doctrine – Orwell questions nature and function of love​
  

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