Literature The Beginnings 1

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 4

18th of February

Literature 

The Beginnings & The Middle Ages

Today's planning

• Introduction to the history of English 
• and English Literature

Who are these guys?

Who are those two characters? points if you know the dog's name

The OG's: The Celts

Celtic Europe = many tribes and societies

Belgae, Helvetti. Callaeci, Parisiii, Galli

Asterix & Obelix = Gaels

What do these names remind you of?
Belgae, Helvetti. Callaeci, Parisiii, Gall

When do you think The Celts lived in what we now know as Britain?

1. +/- 550 BC - 105 BC
2. +/- 750 - 43 AD
3. +/- 500 BC - 100 AD
4. 103 AD - 507 AD

The OG's: The Celts

 Iron Age people
'Celts' Modern name (18th C) 
Greek = Keltoi  
Latin = Celtae
'Civilized states' of the Classical Meditereanen called them 'Barbarians

Video: 00:00-3:10

What does Barbarian mean?

Barbarians Term

The word “barbarian” originated in ancient Greece, and was initially used to describe all non-Greek-speaking peoples, including Persians, Egyptians, Medes and Phoenicians. The ancient Greek word “bárbaros,” from which it derives, meant “babbler,” and was onomatopoeic: In the Greek ear, speakers of a foreign tongue made unintelligible sounds (“bar bar bar”).

Facts 

• Agricultural Society; farmers & hunters
• Advanced! They used tools
• Warrior Culture
• No written Celtic language --> oral tradition

Why do you think there was no written language?

Answer

Oral tradition was a better device for learning and memorizing 
(and it could prevent any valuable knowlegde from the tribe to fall into enemy hands!)

Question

They had druids and were superstitious. What do you associate with those words?

Druids & supersition

Druids

• Druids = Celtic Priests
• Responsible for all religious rituals 
• Druids could talk to god.
• Lawspeakers, poets and doctors

Video

Video 6:25- 7:56

What did you learn about Boadicea?

Celts: Beef with the Romans

A.K.A the Romans tried to conquer the western world and they almost succeeded 

Britain as part of the Roman Empire (43 AD - 410 AD)

Who's this dude?

The Reason for the conflict

In 55BC Julius Caesar wanted to invade Britain = FAIL

The Romans wanted revenge on the CEltic tribes in Britainfor helping the CEltic Gauls

Believe it or not, Asterix & Obelix describe part of the reason for the conflict pretty well!

Why invade?

• Riches, gold, slaves =not the main reason
• Failed to conquer Scotland (Caledonia) 
• They built something to protect themselves from the CEltic Tribes in the north The picts
  
  
• Romans: infrastructure, roads & language  (latin
• Relationship okay = loyal & pay taxes to Rome 

Early Middle Ages +/- 500 - 1100

The Anglo Saxons (410 -1066 AD)

410 AD; fall of Roman Empire

Roman soldiers left Britain to defend Rome

 --> defense gone -->

INVASION

Who invaded the country (Britain)?

1. The Angles
2. The Saxons
3. The Jutes
4. All three

How did England get its name, you think?

Which language you guys 'know' is related to Old English?

The Anglo-Saxons

• Anglo-Saxons didn't care for Roman Legacy
• Replaced Roman Infrastructure 
• Englisc --> Old English
• WAR: between small Kingdoms
• Pagan
  
  
• Netflix: The Last Kingdom, the Dig

What does Old English remind you of?

In the next Episode of 'History of Britain

Vikings (no not the Netflix series), Alfred the Great and Beowulf