Plurals uitleg + oefening

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

PLURALS

Table of Contents:

* Lesson Aims

* Explanation of regular plural nouns

* Explanation of irregular plural nouns

* 

Regular nouns: (-s)

* To make regular nouns plural, add ‑s to the end.

Examples:

cat – cats

dog - dogs

house – houses 

Regular nouns: (-es) "hissing sound"

* If the singular noun ends in ‑s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, or -z, add ‑es to the end to make it plural.

Examples:

bus – buses

marsh – marshes

lunch – lunches

tax – taxes

blitz – blitzes

Letter -y:

* If a singular noun ends in ‑y and the letter before the -y is a consonant, change the ending to ‑ies to make the noun plural.

Examples:

baby babies

city – cities

puppy – puppies

puppy's - Is singular in English! 

Example: A puppy's life (Is ONE puppy!)

Spelling (-y)

If the singular noun ends in -y and the letter before the -y is a vowel, simply add an -s to make it plural.

Examples:

ray – rays

play - plays

boy – boys

toy - toys

Letter -o:

If the singular noun ends in ‑o, preceded by a consonant, add ‑es to make it plural.

Examples:

hero - heroes

potato – potatoes

tomato – tomatoes

Exceptions:

photo – photos

piano – pianos

halo – halos

Spelling change: (-f /-fe)

* If the noun ends with ‑f or ‑fe, the -f is often changed to ‑ve before adding the -s to form the plural version.

Examples:

life - lives 

wife - wives

wolf - wolves

But:

roof – roofs

belief – beliefs

chef – chefs

chief – chiefs

Irregular plurals 

child – children

goose – geese

man – men

woman – women

tooth – teeth

foot – feet

mouse – mice

person – people

ox - oxen

policeman - policemen

fish - fish 

spacecraft - spacecraft

louse – lice

Unchanging Nouns:

Singular           Plural

aircraft             aircraft

bass                  bass

bison                bison

elk                      elk

moose             moose

shrimp             shrimp

spacecraft     spacecraft

swine               swine

trout                 trout

sheep – sheep

series – series

species – species

deer – deer

cattle - cattle

Noncountable nouns:

Examples: Water, grass, sand, snow, hair, mud, dress (style, not hanging in the closet), wind, rain, sun, moon(light), heat

Example sentences:

There are many different styles of hair.

There are several varieties of grass.

There are three different kinds of mud.

The ancient people had a few types of styles of dress.

Exercises Irregular Plural Nouns:

Plural of:

1. child's
2. childs
3. kinderen
4. children