3H 3-2

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Welcome back!

Planning for today

• Reading assignment!
• The passive 
• Past perfect 

Reading assignment!

Why? In the test, there wil be a few reading texts.

Past Perfect: FORM

STATEMENT

had + past participle 

NEGATIVE 

had + not + past participle

QUESTION

had + subject + past participle

AFFIRMATIVE

had + past participle 

NEGATIVE 

had + not + past participle

QUESTION

had + subject + past participle

She had traveled all over the world by the time she was 16.

The detective had not yet solved the case when the police arrived.

Had you ever seen a quarantine before last year? 

Signal words / Time expressions 

for the Past Perfect

by the time	never
already	before
just	after
when

Irregular verbs: 

These words follow NO rules! 

look in the back of your book , 3rd row. 

Past Participles:

 

Regular verbs:

Infinitive + -ed

walk + -ed  =  walked

cook + -ed = cooked

joke + -ed = joked

past simple or past perfect?

Mary won the lottery last year.

1. simple past
2. past perfect

past simple or past perfect?
Mrs Corrigan had never eaten a pizza until 1972

1. Past simple
2. Past Perfect

My penguin died last week.

1. past perfect
2. past simple
3. present simple
4. present perfect

Passives

am/ is/ are + past participle

Actives

Someones cleans the office everyday 

My boss doesn't ask me to work late.

Passives

The office is cleaned every day. 

I am not asked by my boss to work late.

was/ were + past participle

Actives

Someone painted our house last month.

The noise did not wake me up.

Passives

Our house was painted last month.

I was not woken up by the noise.

What makes a sentence passive?

The combination of 'to be' + past participle (volt. dlw) makes a sentence passive

The student is taught (by the teacher).

The man was bitten (by the dog).

The Government is planning a new road near my house.

1. passive
2. active

'Boys like to play soccer.'

1. Passive
2. Active

'This room has been painted blue.'

1. Passive
2. Active

'Cricket is played in Australia.'

1. Passive
2. Active

'The friends have been looking forward to meeting her.'

1. Passive
2. Active

'The search will be stopped because of the storm.'

1. Passive
2. Active