2.3- catchment area of the Rhine - part 2

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• Leerjaar 2

2.3: catchment area of the Rhine

- repeating meanders, oxbow lakes, upper- middle- and lower course

- Explanation and quiz questions about: Gradient and fall, horsts and graben, flow rate

- Answer questions: 2, 5, 8, 9 (homework)

What is sediment?
Give 3 examples

Upper reaches

Middle reaches

Lower reaches

Here is the source of the river

Water flows slowly

Here is the river mouth

Rivier takes as much material as it leaves

This is where the river meanders

Horsts and Graben

Graben = when a part of the land is sinking in the earth

Horsts: the parts of land next to a Graben. These parts stay high

Sleep de begrippen naar de juiste plek.

Horst

Graben

Horst

Graben

Horst

Watch the video on the next slide

1. How does the landscape change from Rotterdam to Basel when a ship follows the Rhine?

Fall and gradient of a river

Upper course

Fast flow - steep river -large gradient

Lower course:

Slow flow - gentle slope - small gradient

Fall = difference in height between 2 places in the river

Gradient = fall per kilometer

The fall is highest here

The fall is smallest here

The gradient is lowest here

A lot of erosion

Flows slowly

Wide valley

Flows fast

Small gradient

Large gradient

A lot of sedimentation

Q. 8

Calculate fall

Altitude A - altitude B

Calculate gradient

Fall / length of the river AB

Gradient = ... m/km

Q. 8

Calculate fall

2500m (alt. A) - 1500 (alt.B)

= 1000 m

Calculate gradient

1000m (fall) / 250 km (length AB)

1000/250=4 m/km of river

Gradient

Fall

The height difference between 2 places in the river.

The average height difference per kilomter of river

River regime

= The pattern of how much water is flowing through the river throughout the year

IIn these graphs you see the regime of 3 rivers. Decide for each graph what kind of river flows through there.

Glacier-fed river

Rain-fed river (seaclimate)

Rain-fed river (tropical climate)

2.3: catchment area of the Rhine

- repeating meanders, oxbow lakes, upper- middle- and lower course

- Explanation and quiz questions about: Gradient and fall, horsts and graben, flow rate

- Answer questions: 2, 5, 8, 9 (homework)